English

Models of Bounded Arithmetic and variants of Pigeonhole Principle

Logic 2024-03-08 v3

Abstract

We give elementary proof that theory T21(R)T^1_2(R) augmented by the weak pigeonhole principle for all Δ1b(R)\Delta^b_1(R)-definable relations does not prove the bijective pigeonhole principle for RR. This can be derived from known more general results but our proof yields a model of T21(R)T^1_2(R) in which ontoPHPnn+1(R)ontoPHP^{n+1}_n(R) fails for some nonstandard element nn while PHPmm+1PHP^{m+1}_m holds for all Δ1b(R)\Delta^b_1(R)-definable relations and all mn1ϵm \leq n^{1-\epsilon}, where ϵ>0\epsilon > 0 is a fixed standard rational parameter. This can be seen as a step towards solving an open question posed by M. Ajtai.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2208.14713,
  title  = {Models of Bounded Arithmetic and variants of Pigeonhole Principle},
  author = {Mykyta Narusevych},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2208.14713},
  year   = {2024}
}