English

Minutes-scale Schr{\"o}dinger-cat state of spin-5/2 atoms

Quantum Physics 2025-07-11 v1 Atomic Physics

Abstract

Quantum metrology with nonclassical states offers a promising route to improved precision in physical measurements. The quantum effects of Schr{\"o}dinger-cat superpositions or entanglements allow measurement uncertainties to reach below the standard quantum limit. However, the challenge in keeping a long coherence time for such nonclassical states often prevents full exploitation of the quantum advantage in metrology. Here we demonstrate a long-lived Schr{\"o}dinger-cat state of optically trapped 173^{173}Yb (\textit{I}\ =\ 5/2) atoms. The cat state, a superposition of two oppositely-directed and furthest-apart spin states, is generated by a non-linear spin rotation. Protected in a decoherence-free subspace against inhomogeneous light shifts of an optical lattice, the cat state achieves a coherence time of 1.4(1)×1031.4(1)\times 10^3 s. A magnetic field is measured with Ramsey interferometry, demonstrating a scheme of Heisenberg-limited metrology for atomic magnetometry, quantum information processing, and searching for new physics beyond the Standard Model.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2410.09331,
  title  = {Minutes-scale Schr{\"o}dinger-cat state of spin-5/2 atoms},
  author = {Y. A. Yang and W. -T. Luo and J. -L. Zhang and S. -Z. Wang and Chang-Ling Zou and T. Xia and Z. -T. Lu},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.09331},
  year   = {2025}
}