English

Maximum size of $C_{\leq k}$-free strong digraphs with out-degree at least two

Combinatorics 2022-11-08 v1

Abstract

Let H\mathscr{H} be a family of digraphs. A digraph DD is \emph{H\mathscr{H}-free} if it contains no isomorphic copy of any member of H\mathscr{H}. For k2k\geq2, we set Ck={C2,C3,,Ck}C_{\leq k}=\{C_{2}, C_{3},\ldots,C_{k}\}, where CC_{\ell} is a directed cycle of length {2,3,,k}\ell\in\{2,3,\ldots,k\}. Let Dnk(ξ,ζ)D_{n}^{k}(\xi,\zeta) denote the family of \emph{Ck{C}_{\le k}-free} strong digraphs on nn vertices with every vertex having out-degree at least ξ\xi and in-degree at least ζ\zeta, where both ξ\xi and ζ\zeta are positive integers. Let φnk(ξ,ζ)=max{A(D):  DDnk(ξ,ζ)}\varphi_{n}^{k}(\xi,\zeta)=\max\{|A(D)|:\;D\in D_{n}^{k}(\xi,\zeta)\} and Φnk(ξ,ζ)={DDnk(ξ,ζ):A(D)=φnk(ξ,ζ)}\Phi_{n}^{k}(\xi,\zeta)=\{D\in D_{n}^{k}(\xi,\zeta): |A(D)|=\varphi_{n}^{k}(\xi,\zeta)\}. Bermond et al.\;(1980) verified that φnk(1,1)=(nk+22)+k2\varphi_{n}^{k}(1,1)=\binom{n-k+2}{2}+k-2. Chen and Chang\;(2021) showed that (n12)2φn3(2,1)(n12)\binom{n-1}{2}-2\leq\varphi_{n}^{3}(2,1)\leq\binom{n-1}{2}. This upper bound was further improved to (n12)1\binom{n-1}{2}-1 by Chen and Chang\;(DAM, 2022), furthermore, they also gave the exact values of φn3(2,1)\varphi_{n}^{3}(2,1) for n{7,8,9}n\in \{7,8,9\}. In this paper, we continue to determine the exact values of φn3(2,1)\varphi_{n}^{3}(2,1) for n10n\ge 10, i.e., φn3(2,1)=(n12)2\varphi_{n}^{3}(2,1)=\binom{n-1}{2}-2 for n10n\geq10.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2211.03129,
  title  = {Maximum size of $C_{\leq k}$-free strong digraphs with out-degree at least two},
  author = {Bin Chen and Xinmin Hou},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.03129},
  year   = {2022}
}

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21 pages