English

Low-like basis theorems for Ramsey's theorem for pairs in first-order arithmetic

Logic 2026-01-13 v1

Abstract

We construct an 2\ll^2-solution (also known as a weakly low solution) to D2{\mathrm{D}^2} within BΣ30{\mathrm{B}\Sigma^0_{3}} and prove the 2\ll^2-basis theorem for RT2\mathrm{RT}^2 over BΣ30{\mathrm{B}\Sigma^0_{3}}. The 2\ll^2-basis theorem is a variant of the low basis theorem, which has recently received focus in the context of the first-order part of Ramsey type theorems. For the construction, we use Mathias forcing in an effectively coded ω\omega-model of WKL0\mathsf{WKL_0} to ensure sufficient computability under the system with weaker induction. Using a similar method, we also show the 2\ll^2-basis theorem for RT22\mathrm{RT}^2_2 and EM<\mathrm{EM}_{<\infty}, a version of Erd\H{o}s-Moser principle, within IΣ20\mathrm{I}\Sigma^0_{2}. These results provide simpler proofs of known results on the Π11\Pi^1_1-conservativities of RT2,RT22\mathrm{RT}^2, \mathrm{RT}^2_2 and EM<\mathrm{EM}_{<\infty} as corollaries.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2601.07569,
  title  = {Low-like basis theorems for Ramsey's theorem for pairs in first-order arithmetic},
  author = {Hiroyuki Ikari and Keita Yokoyama},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.07569},
  year   = {2026}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T09:00:47.954Z