English

Lights Out Puzzle in p Colors: Evolution of Quiet Patterns

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases 2025-10-29 v1

Abstract

The Lights Out Puzzle represents a cellular automaton based on a grid of squares where clicking a square changes its state and the states of surrounding squares. A "quiet pattern" is a way to click such that in the end, no change is effected. We introduce a way to "evolve" quiet patterns in smaller grids into ones in pp times larger grids when the number of possible states of a square is a prime pp. Using elliptic curves, we also find that an inverse "de-evolution" exists for most pp. We also describe the only ways to click a grid of squares such that only 5 (the minimum) number of squares have a nonzero state.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2510.23677,
  title  = {Lights Out Puzzle in p Colors: Evolution of Quiet Patterns},
  author = {Wisdom Boinde and Igor Minevich and Dipesh Poudel},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.23677},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

17 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to Advanced in Applied Mathematics