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Lie group analysis of a generalized Krichever-Novikov differential-difference equation

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems 2015-06-18 v1 Mathematical Physics Group Theory math.MP

Abstract

The symmetry algebra of the differential--difference equation u˙n=[P(un)un+1un1+Q(un)(un+1+un1)+R(un)]/(un+1un1),\dot u_n = [P(u_n)u_{n+1}u_{n-1} + Q(u_n)(u_{n+1}+u_{n-1})+ R(u_n)]/(u_{n+1}-u_{n-1}), where PP, QQ and RR are arbitrary analytic functions is shown to have the dimension 1\mboxdimL51 \le \mbox{dim}L \le 5. When PP, QQ and RR are specific second order polynomials in unu_n (depending on 6 constants) this is the integrable discretization of the Krichever--Novikov equation. We find 3 cases when the arbitrary functions are not polynomials and the symmetry algebra satisfies \mboxdimL=2\mbox{dim}L=2. These cases are shown not to be integrable. The symmetry algebras are used to reduce the equations to purely difference ones. The symmetry group is also used to impose periodicity un+N=unu_{n+N}=u_n and thus to reduce the differential--difference equation to a system of NN coupled ordinary three points difference equations.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1401.6991,
  title  = {Lie group analysis of a generalized Krichever-Novikov differential-difference equation},
  author = {Decio Levi and Eugenio Ricca and Zora Thomova and Pavel Winternitz},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1401.6991},
  year   = {2015}
}