Prompt-based class-incremental learning methods typically construct a prompt pool consisting of multiple trainable key-prompts and perform instance-level matching to select the most suitable prompt embeddings, which has shown promising results. However, existing approaches face several limitations, including fixed prompt pools, manual selection of prompt embeddings, and strong reliance on the pretrained backbone for prompt selection. To address these issues, we propose a \textbf{L}ayer-importance guided \textbf{D}ual \textbf{E}xpandable \textbf{P}rompt Pool (\textbf{LDEPrompt}), which enables adaptive layer selection as well as dynamic freezing and expansion of the prompt pool. Extensive experiments on widely used class-incremental learning benchmarks demonstrate that LDEPrompt achieves state-of-the-art performance, validating its effectiveness and scalability.
@article{arxiv.2604.11091,
title = {LDEPrompt: Layer-importance guided Dual Expandable Prompt Pool for Pre-trained Model-based Class-Incremental Learning},
author = {Linjie Li and Zhenyu Wu and Huiyu Xiao and Yang Ji},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.11091},
year = {2026}
}