$\lambda-$Symmetries and integrability by quadratures
Abstract
It is investigated how two (standard or generalized) symmetries of a given second-order ordinary differential equation can be used to solve the equation by quadratures. The method is based on the construction of two commuting generalized symmetries for this equation by using both symmetries. The functions used in that construction are related with integrating factors of the reduced and auxiliary equations associated to the symmetries. These functions can also be used to derive a Jacobi last multiplier and two integrating factors for the given equation. Some examples illustrate the method; one of them is included in the XXVII case of the Painlev\'e-Gambier classification. An explicit expression of its general solution in terms of two fundamental sets of solutions for two related second-order linear equations is also obtained.
Cite
@article{arxiv.1605.07814,
title = {$\lambda-$Symmetries and integrability by quadratures},
author = {C. Muriel and J. L. Romero and A. Ruiz},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1605.07814},
year = {2016}
}