English

Invariant Risk Minimization

Machine Learning 2020-03-31 v3 Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning

Abstract

We introduce Invariant Risk Minimization (IRM), a learning paradigm to estimate invariant correlations across multiple training distributions. To achieve this goal, IRM learns a data representation such that the optimal classifier, on top of that data representation, matches for all training distributions. Through theory and experiments, we show how the invariances learned by IRM relate to the causal structures governing the data and enable out-of-distribution generalization.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1907.02893,
  title  = {Invariant Risk Minimization},
  author = {Martin Arjovsky and Léon Bottou and Ishaan Gulrajani and David Lopez-Paz},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.02893},
  year   = {2020}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-23T10:13:20.323Z