English

Inside Black Holes, Singularity or Complementarity?

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2025-05-22 v1

Abstract

Through two exact solution families to the Einstein equation and the one-to-one correspondence between their free parameters, we show that the ensemble of collapsars with only close-to-implementing horizon in the Schwarzschild time definition and the over-cross-oscillatory solid-balls in the Lemaitre time definition constitute two complementary description for the microscopic state of black holes formed through gravitational collapse. We quantise the solutions in the Schwarzschild time definition and show that the area law formula of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy follows naturally from the wave-functional's degeneracy of the collapsing materials. In two companion works, supports from the gravitational wave of binary merger observation and predictions for the fast radio burst of single body perturbations of this complementarity will be reported independently.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2505.14750,
  title  = {Inside Black Holes, Singularity or Complementarity?},
  author = {Ding-fang Zeng},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.14750},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

the first of a serial of three papers on the complementarity inside black holes

R2 v1 2026-07-01T02:26:17.519Z