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Identification of Average Treatment Effects in Nonparametric Panel Models

Econometrics 2025-03-26 v1 Machine Learning Methodology

Abstract

This paper studies identification of average treatment effects in a panel data setting. It introduces a novel nonparametric factor model and proves identification of average treatment effects. The identification proof is based on the introduction of a consistent estimator. Underlying the proof is a result that there is a consistent estimator for the expected outcome in the absence of the treatment for each unit and time period; this result can be applied more broadly, for example in problems of decompositions of group-level differences in outcomes, such as the much-studied gender wage gap.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2503.19873,
  title  = {Identification of Average Treatment Effects in Nonparametric Panel Models},
  author = {Susan Athey and Guido Imbens},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.19873},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T22:34:09.353Z