How fast does the range of simple random walk grow?
Abstract
Consider a discrete-time simple random walk on an infinite, connected, locally finite graph . Let denote its range at time , and the th discovery time. We establish a general estimate on in terms of two coarse geometric parameters of , and deduce the universal bounds and . Moreover, we show that this is essentially sharp by constructing a multi-scale version of Feige's Lollipop graph satisfying for all dyadic integers . In light of this example, we ask whether the existence of \emph{trapping phases} where the range grows sub-diffusively necessarily implies the existence of \emph{expanding phases} where it grows super-diffusively. Finally, we provide a simple \emph{uniform transience} condition under which the expected range grows linearly, and conjecture that all vertex-nonamenable graphs exhibit linear range.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2602.11051,
title = {How fast does the range of simple random walk grow?},
author = {Itai Benjamini and Justin Salez},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.11051},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
8 pages and 1 figure; comments welcome!