English

Have pulsar timing array methods detected a cosmological phase transition?

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics 2024-01-31 v1 High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Theory

Abstract

We show that the recent detection of a gravitational wave (GW) background reported by various pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations including NANOGrav-15yr, PPTA, EPTA, and CPTA can be explained in terms of first order phase transitions (FOPTs) from dark sector models (DSM). Specifically, we explore a model for first order phase transitions that involves the majoron, a Nambu-Goldstone boson that is emerging from the spontaneous symmetry breaking of a U(1)LU(1)_{L} or U(1)BLU(1)_{B-L} symmetry. We show how the predicted GW power spectrum, with a realistic choice of the FOPT parameters, is consistent with 1-σ\sigma deviations from the estimated parameters of the background detected by the PTA collaborations.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2306.17205,
  title  = {Have pulsar timing array methods detected a cosmological phase transition?},
  author = {Andrea Addazi and Yi-Fu Cai and Antonino Marciano and Luca Visinelli},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2306.17205},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

4 pages, 1 figure

R2 v1 2026-06-28T11:18:19.423Z