GWTC-4.0: Methods for Identifying and Characterizing Gravitational-wave Transients
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
2026-02-20 v2 High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract
The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC) is a collection of candidate gravitational-wave transient signals identified and characterized by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration. Producing the contents of the GWTC from detector data requires complex analysis methods. These comprise techniques to model the signal; identify the transients in the data; evaluate the quality of the data and mitigate possible instrumental issues; infer the parameters of each transient; compare the data with the waveform models for compact binary coalescences; and handle the large amount of results associated with all these different analyses. In this paper, we describe the methods employed to produce the catalog's fourth release, GWTC-4.0, focusing on the analysis of the first part of the fourth observing run of Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2508.18081,
title = {GWTC-4.0: Methods for Identifying and Characterizing Gravitational-wave Transients},
author = {The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration and the KAGRA Collaboration and A. G. Abac and I. Abouelfettouh and F. Acernese and K. Ackley and S. Adhicary and D. Adhikari and N. Adhikari and R. X. Adhikari and V. K. Adkins and S. Afroz and D. Agarwal and M. Agathos and M. Aghaei Abchouyeh and O. D. Aguiar and S. Ahmadzadeh and L. Aiello and A. Ain and P. Ajith and S. Akcay and T. Akutsu and S. Albanesi and R. A. Alfaidi and A. Al-Jodah and C. Alléné and A. Allocca and S. Al-Shammari and P. A. Altin and S. Alvarez-Lopez and O. Amarasinghe and A. Amato and C. Amra and A. Ananyeva and S. B. Anderson and W. G. Anderson and M. Andia and M. Ando and T. Andrade and M. Andrés-Carcasona and T. Andrić and J. Anglin and S. Ansoldi and J. M. Antelis and S. Antier and M. Aoumi and E. Z. Appavuravther and S. Appert and S. K. Apple and K. Arai and A. Araya and M. C. Araya and M. Arca Sedda and J. S. Areeda and L. Argianas and N. Aritomi and F. Armato and S. Armstrong and N. Arnaud and M. Arogeti and S. M. Aronson and G. Ashton and Y. Aso and M. Assiduo and S. Assis de Souza Melo and S. M. Aston and P. Astone and F. Attadio and F. Aubin and K. AultONeal and G. Avallone and S. Babak and F. Badaracco and C. Badger and S. Bae and S. Bagnasco and E. Bagui and L. Baiotti and R. Bajpai and T. Baka and T. Baker and M. Ball and G. Ballardin and S. W. Ballmer and S. Banagiri and B. Banerjee and D. Bankar and T. M. Baptiste and P. Baral and J. C. Barayoga and B. C. Barish and D. Barker and N. Barman and P. Barneo and F. Barone and B. Barr and L. Barsotti and M. Barsuglia and D. Barta and A. M. Bartoletti and M. A. Barton and I. Bartos and S. Basak and A. Basalaev and R. Bassiri and A. Basti and D. E. Bates and M. Bawaj and P. Baxi and J. C. Bayley and A. C. Baylor and P. A. Baynard and M. Bazzan and V. M. Bedakihale and F. Beirnaert and M. Bejger and D. Belardinelli and A. S. Bell and D. S. Bellie and L. Bellizzi and W. Benoit and I. Bentara and J. D. Bentley and M. Ben Yaala and S. Bera and F. Bergamin and B. K. Berger and S. Bernuzzi and M. Beroiz and C. P. L. Berry and D. Bersanetti and A. Bertolini and J. Betzwieser and D. Beveridge and G. Bevilacqua and N. Bevins and R. Bhandare and S. A. Bhat and R. Bhatt and D. Bhattacharjee and S. Bhaumik and S. Bhowmick and V. Biancalana and A. Bianchi and I. A. Bilenko and G. Billingsley and A. Binetti and S. Bini and C. Binu and O. Birnholtz and S. Biscoveanu and A. Bisht and M. Bitossi and M. -A. Bizouard and S. Blaber and J. K. Blackburn and L. A. Blagg and C. D. Blair and D. G. Blair and F. Bobba and N. Bode and G. Boileau and M. Boldrini and G. N. Bolingbroke and A. Bolliand and L. D. Bonavena and R. Bondarescu and F. Bondu and E. Bonilla and M. S. Bonilla and A. Bonino and R. Bonnand and P. Booker and A. Borchers and S. Borhanian and V. Boschi and S. Bose and V. Bossilkov and A. Boudon and A. Bozzi and C. Bradaschia and P. R. Brady and A. Branch and M. Branchesi and I. Braun and T. Briant and A. Brillet and M. Brinkmann and P. Brockill and E. Brockmueller and A. F. Brooks and B. C. Brown and D. D. Brown and M. L. Brozzetti and S. Brunett and G. Bruno and R. Bruntz and J. Bryant and Y. Bu and F. Bucci and J. Buchanan and O. Bulashenko and T. Bulik and H. J. Bulten and A. Buonanno and K. Burtnyk and R. Buscicchio and D. Buskulic and C. Buy and R. L. Byer and G. S. Cabourn Davies and G. Cabras and R. Cabrita and V. Cáceres-Barbosa and L. Cadonati and G. Cagnoli and C. Cahillane and A. Calafat and J. Calderón Bustillo and T. A. Callister and E. Calloni and G. Caneva Santoro and K. C. Cannon and H. Cao and L. A. Capistran and E. Capocasa and E. Capote and G. Capurri and G. Carapella and F. Carbognani and M. Carlassara and J. B. Carlin and T. K. Carlson and M. F. Carney and M. Carpinelli and G. Carrillo and J. J. Carter and G. Carullo and J. Casanueva Diaz and C. Casentini and S. Y. Castro-Lucas and S. Caudill and M. Cavaglià and R. Cavalieri and G. Cella and P. Cerdá-Durán and E. Cesarini and W. Chaibi and P. Chakraborty and S. Chakraborty and S. Chalathadka Subrahmanya and J. C. L. Chan and M. Chan and R. -J. Chang and S. Chao and E. L. Charlton and P. Charlton and E. Chassande-Mottin and C. Chatterjee and Debarati Chatterjee and Deep Chatterjee and M. Chaturvedi and S. Chaty and K. Chatziioannou and C. Checchia and A. Chen and A. H. -Y. Chen and D. Chen and H. Chen and H. Y. Chen and S. Chen and Y. Chen and Yanbei Chen and Yitian Chen and H. P. Cheng and P. Chessa and H. T. Cheung and S. Y. Cheung and F. Chiadini and G. Chiarini and R. Chierici and A. Chincarini and M. L. Chiofalo and A. Chiummo and C. Chou and S. Choudhary and N. Christensen and S. S. Y. Chua and P. Chugh and G. Ciani and P. Ciecielag and M. Cieślar and M. Cifaldi and R. Ciolfi and F. Clara and J. A. Clark and J. Clarke and T. A. Clarke and P. Clearwater and S. Clesse and S. M. Clyne and E. Coccia and E. Codazzo and P. -F. Cohadon and S. Colace and E. Colangeli and M. Colleoni and C. G. Collette and J. Collins and S. Colloms and A. Colombo and C. M. Compton and G. Connolly and L. Conti and T. R. Corbitt and I. Cordero-Carrión and S. Corezzi and N. J. Cornish and A. Corsi and S. Cortese and R. Cottingham and M. W. Coughlin and A. Couineaux and J. -P. Coulon and J. -F. Coupechoux and P. Couvares and D. M. Coward and R. Coyne and K. Craig and J. D. E. Creighton and T. D. Creighton and P. Cremonese and A. W. Criswell and S. Crook and R. Crouch and J. Csizmazia and J. R. Cudell and T. J. Cullen and A. Cumming and E. Cuoco and M. Cusinato and P. Dabadie and L. V. Da Conceição and T. Dal Canton and S. Dall'Osso and S. Dal Pra and G. Dálya and B. D'Angelo and S. Danilishin and S. D'Antonio and K. Danzmann and K. E. Darroch and L. P. Dartez and A. Dasgupta and S. Datta and V. Dattilo and A. Daumas and N. Davari and I. Dave and A. Davenport and M. Davier and T. F. Davies and D. Davis and L. Davis and M. C. Davis and P. Davis and M. Dax and J. De Bolle and M. Deenadayalan and J. Degallaix and U. Deka and M. De Laurentis and S. Deléglise and F. De Lillo and D. Dell'Aquila and F. Della Valle and W. Del Pozzo and F. De Marco and G. Demasi and F. De Matteis and V. D'Emilio and N. Demos and T. Dent and A. Depasse and N. DePergola and R. De Pietri and R. De Rosa and C. De Rossi and M. Desai and R. DeSalvo and A. DeSimone and R. De Simone and A. Dhani and R. Diab and M. C. Díaz and M. Di Cesare and G. Dideron and N. A. Didio and T. Dietrich and L. Di Fiore and C. Di Fronzo and M. Di Giovanni and T. Di Girolamo and D. Diksha and A. Di Michele and J. Ding and S. Di Pace and I. Di Palma and F. Di Renzo and Divyajyoti and A. Dmitriev and Z. Doctor and N. Doerksen and E. Dohmen and D. Dominguez and L. D'Onofrio and F. Donovan and K. L. Dooley and T. Dooney and S. Doravari and O. Dorosh and M. Drago and J. C. Driggers and J. -G. Ducoin and L. Dunn and U. Dupletsa and D. D'Urso and H. Duval and S. E. Dwyer and C. Eassa and M. Ebersold and T. Eckhardt and G. Eddolls and B. Edelman and T. B. Edo and O. Edy and A. Effler and J. Eichholz and H. Einsle and M. Eisenmann and R. A. Eisenstein and A. Ejlli and M. Emma and K. Endo and R. Enficiaud and A. J. Engl and L. Errico and R. Espinosa and M. Esposito and R. C. Essick and H. Estellés and T. Etzel and M. Evans and T. Evstafyeva and B. E. Ewing and J. M. Ezquiaga and F. Fabrizi and F. Faedi and V. Fafone and S. Fairhurst and A. M. Farah and B. Farr and W. M. Farr and G. Favaro and M. Favata and M. Fays and M. Fazio and J. Feicht and M. M. Fejer and R. Felicetti and E. Fenyvesi and D. L. Ferguson and T. Fernandes and D. Fernando and S. Ferraiuolo and I. Ferrante and T. A. Ferreira and F. Fidecaro and P. Figura and A. Fiori and I. Fiori and M. Fishbach and R. P. Fisher and R. Fittipaldi and V. Fiumara and R. Flaminio and S. M. Fleischer and L. S. Fleming and E. Floden and H. Fong and J. A. Font and C. Foo and B. Fornal and P. W. F. Forsyth and K. Franceschetti and N. Franchini and S. Frasca and F. Frasconi and A. Frattale Mascioli and Z. Frei and A. Freise and O. Freitas and R. Frey and W. Frischhertz and P. Fritschel and V. V. Frolov and G. G. Fronzé and M. Fuentes-Garcia and S. Fujii and T. Fujimori and P. Fulda and M. Fyffe and B. Gadre and J. R. Gair and S. Galaudage and V. Galdi and H. Gallagher and B. Gallego and R. Gamba and A. Gamboa and D. Ganapathy and A. Ganguly and B. Garaventa and J. García-Bellido and C. García Núñez and C. García-Quirós and J. W. Gardner and K. A. Gardner and J. Gargiulo and A. Garron and F. Garufi and P. A. Garver and C. Gasbarra and B. Gateley and F. Gautier and V. Gayathri and T. Gayer and G. Gemme and A. Gennai and V. Gennari and J. George and R. George and O. Gerberding and L. Gergely and Archisman Ghosh and Sayantan Ghosh and Shaon Ghosh and Shrobana Ghosh and Suprovo Ghosh and Tathagata Ghosh and J. A. Giaime and K. D. Giardina and D. R. Gibson and D. T. Gibson and C. Gier and S. Gkaitatzis and J. Glanzer and F. Glotin and J. Godfrey and P. Godwin and A. S. Goettel and E. Goetz and J. Golomb and S. Gomez Lopez and B. Goncharov and Y. Gong and G. González and P. Goodarzi and S. Goode and A. W. Goodwin-Jones and M. Gosselin and R. Gouaty and D. W. Gould and K. Govorkova and S. Goyal and B. Grace and A. Grado and V. Graham and A. E. Granados and M. Granata and V. Granata and S. Gras and P. Grassia and A. Gray and C. Gray and R. Gray and G. Greco and A. C. Green and S. M. Green and S. R. Green and A. M. Gretarsson and E. M. Gretarsson and D. Griffith and W. L. Griffiths and H. L. Griggs and G. Grignani and C. Grimaud and H. Grote and S. Grunewald and D. Guerra and D. Guetta and G. M. Guidi and A. R. Guimaraes and H. K. Gulati and F. Gulminelli and A. M. Gunny and H. Guo and W. Guo and Y. Guo and Anchal Gupta and Anuradha Gupta and I. Gupta and N. C. Gupta and P. Gupta and S. K. Gupta and T. Gupta and V. Gupta and N. Gupte and J. Gurs and N. Gutierrez and F. Guzman and D. Haba and M. Haberland and S. Haino and E. D. Hall and R. Hamburg and E. Z. Hamilton and G. Hammond and W. -B. Han and M. Haney and J. Hanks and C. Hanna and M. D. Hannam and O. A. Hannuksela and A. G. Hanselman and H. Hansen and J. Hanson and R. Harada and A. R. Hardison and S. Harikumar and K. Haris and T. Harmark and J. Harms and G. M. Harry and I. W. Harry and J. Hart and B. Haskell and C. -J. Haster and K. Haughian and H. Hayakawa and K. Hayama and R. Hayes and M. C. Heintze and J. Heinze and J. Heinzel and H. Heitmann and A. Heffernan and F. Hellman and A. F. Helmling-Cornell and G. Hemming and O. Henderson-Sapir and M. Hendry and I. S. Heng and M. H. Hennig and C. Henshaw and M. Heurs and A. L. Hewitt and J. Heyns and S. Higginbotham and S. Hild and S. Hill and Y. Himemoto and N. Hirata and C. Hirose and S. Hochheim and D. Hofman and N. A. Holland and D. E. Holz and L. Honet and C. Hong and S. Hoshino and J. Hough and S. Hourihane and N. T. Howard and E. J. Howell and C. G. Hoy and C. A. Hrishikesh and H. -F. Hsieh and H. -Y. Hsieh and C. Hsiung and W. -F. Hsu and Q. Hu and H. Y. Huang and Y. Huang and Y. T. Huang and A. D. Huddart and B. Hughey and D. C. Y. Hui and V. Hui and S. Husa and R. Huxford and L. Iampieri and G. A. Iandolo and M. Ianni and A. Ierardi and A. Iess and H. Imafuku and K. Inayoshi and Y. Inoue and G. Iorio and P. Iosif and M. H. Iqbal and J. Irwin and R. Ishikawa and M. Isi and Y. Itoh and H. Iwanaga and M. Iwaya and B. R. Iyer and C. Jacquet and P. -E. Jacquet and S. J. Jadhav and S. P. Jadhav and T. Jain and A. L. James and P. A. James and R. Jamshidi and A. Jan and K. Jani and J. Janquart and K. Janssens and N. N. Janthalur and S. Jaraba and P. Jaranowski and R. Jaume and W. Javed and A. Jennings and W. Jia and J. Jiang and S. J. Jin and C. Johanson and G. R. Johns and N. A. Johnson and N. K. Johnson-McDaniel and M. C. Johnston and R. Johnston and N. Johny and D. H. Jones and D. I. Jones and E. J. Jones and R. Jones and S. Jose and P. Joshi and S. K. Joshi and J. Ju and L. Ju and K. Jung and J. Junker and V. Juste and H. B. Kabagoz and T. Kajita and I. Kaku and V. Kalogera and M. Kalomenopoulos and M. Kamiizumi and N. Kanda and S. Kandhasamy and G. Kang and N. C. Kannachel and J. B. Kanner and S. J. Kapadia and D. P. Kapasi and S. Karat and R. Kashyap and M. Kasprzack and W. Kastaun and T. Kato and E. Katsavounidis and W. Katzman and R. Kaushik and K. Kawabe and R. Kawamoto and A. Kazemi and D. Keitel and J. Kennington and R. Kesharwani and J. S. Key and R. Khadela and S. Khadka and F. Y. Khalili and F. Khan and I. Khan and T. Khanam and M. Khursheed and N. M. Khusid and W. Kiendrebeogo and N. Kijbunchoo and C. Kim and J. C. Kim and K. Kim and M. H. Kim and S. Kim and Y. -M. Kim and C. Kimball and M. Kinley-Hanlon and M. Kinnear and J. S. Kissel and S. Klimenko and A. M. Knee and N. Knust and K. Kobayashi and P. Koch and S. M. Koehlenbeck and G. Koekoek and K. Kohri and K. Kokeyama and S. Koley and P. Kolitsidou and K. Komori and A. K. H. Kong and A. Kontos and M. Korobko and R. V. Kossak and X. Kou and A. Koushik and N. Kouvatsos and M. Kovalam and D. B. Kozak and S. L. Kranzhoff and V. Kringel and N. V. Krishnendu and A. Królak and K. Kruska and J. Kubisz and G. Kuehn and S. Kulkarni and A. Kulur Ramamohan and A. Kumar and Praveen Kumar and Prayush Kumar and Rahul Kumar and Rakesh Kumar and J. Kume and K. Kuns and N. Kuntimaddi and S. Kuroyanagi and S. Kuwahara and K. Kwak and K. Kwan and J. Kwok and G. Lacaille and P. Lagabbe and D. Laghi and S. Lai and E. Lalande and M. Lalleman and P. C. Lalremruati and M. Landry and B. B. Lane and R. N. Lang and J. Lange and R. Langgin and B. Lantz and A. La Rana and I. La Rosa and J. Larsen and A. Lartaux-Vollard and P. D. Lasky and J. Lawrence and M. N. Lawrence and M. Laxen and C. Lazarte and A. Lazzarini and C. Lazzaro and P. Leaci and L. Leali and Y. K. Lecoeuche and H. M. Lee and H. W. Lee and J. Lee and K. Lee and R. -K. Lee and R. Lee and Sungho Lee and Sunjae Lee and Y. Lee and I. N. Legred and J. Lehmann and L. Lehner and M. Le Jean and A. Lemaî and M. Lenti and M. Leonardi and M. Lequime and N. Leroy and M. Lesovsky and N. Letendre and M. Lethuillier and Y. Levin and K. Leyde and A. K. Y. Li and K. L. Li and T. G. F. Li and X. Li and Y. Li and Z. Li and A. Lihos and C-Y. Lin and E. T. Lin and L. C. -C. Lin and Y. -C. Lin and C. Lindsay and S. D. Linker and T. B. Littenberg and A. Liu and G. C. Liu and Jian Liu and F. Llamas Villarreal and J. Llobera-Querol and R. K. L. Lo and J. -P. Locquet and M. R. Loizou and L. T. London and A. Longo and D. Lopez and M. Lopez Portilla and A. Lorenzo-Medina and V. Loriette and M. Lormand and G. Losurdo and E. Lotti and T. P. Lott and J. D. Lough and H. A. Loughlin and C. O. Lousto and N. Low and M. J. Lowry and N. Lu and L. Lucchesi and H. Lück and D. Lumaca and A. P. Lundgren and A. W. Lussier and L. -T. Ma and S. Ma and R. Macas and A. Macedo and M. MacInnis and R. R. Maciy and D. M. Macleod and I. A. O. MacMillan and A. Macquet and D. Macri and K. Maeda and S. Maenaut and S. S. Magare and R. M. Magee and E. Maggio and R. Maggiore and M. Magnozzi and M. Mahesh and M. Maini and S. Majhi and E. Majorana and C. N. Makarem and D. Malakar and J. A. Malaquias-Reis and U. Mali and S. Maliakal and A. Malik and L. Mallick and A. Malz and N. Man and V. Mandic and V. Mangano and B. Mannix and G. L. Mansell and G. Mansingh and M. Manske and M. Mantovani and M. Mapelli and F. Marchesoni and C. Marinelli and D. Marín Pina and F. Marion and S. Márka and Z. Márka and A. S. Markosyan and A. Markowitz and E. Maros and S. Marsat and F. Martelli and I. W. Martin and R. M. Martin and B. B. Martinez and M. Martinez and V. Martinez and A. Martini and J. C. Martins and D. V. Martynov and E. J. Marx and L. Massaro and A. Masserot and M. Masso-Reid and M. Mastrodicasa and S. Mastrogiovanni and T. Matcovich and M. Matiushechkina and M. Matsuyama and N. Mavalvala and N. Maxwell and G. McCarrol and R. McCarthy and D. E. McClelland and S. McCormick and L. McCuller and S. McEachin and C. McElhenny and G. I. McGhee and J. McGinn and K. B. M. McGowan and J. McIver and A. McLeod and T. McRae and D. Meacher and Q. Meijer and A. Melatos and M. Melching and S. Mellaerts and C. S. Menoni and F. Mera and R. A. Mercer and L. Mereni and K. Merfeld and E. L. Merilh and J. R. Mérou and J. D. Merritt and M. Merzougui and C. Messenger and C. Messick and B. Mestichelli and M. Meyer-Conde and F. Meylahn and A. Mhaske and A. Miani and H. Miao and I. Michaloliakos and C. Michel and Y. Michimura and H. Middleton and S. J. Miller and M. Millhouse and E. Milotti and V. Milotti and Y. Minenkov and N. Mio and Ll. M. Mir and L. Mirasola and M. Miravet-Tenés and C. -A. Miritescu and A. K. Mishra and A. Mishra and C. Mishra and T. Mishra and A. L. Mitchell and J. G. Mitchell and S. Mitra and V. P. Mitrofanov and R. Mittleman and O. Miyakawa and S. Miyamoto and S. Miyoki and G. Mo and L. Mobilia and S. R. P. Mohapatra and S. R. Mohite and M. Molina-Ruiz and C. Mondal and M. Mondin and M. Montani and C. J. Moore and D. Moraru and A. More and S. More and E. A. Moreno and G. Moreno and S. Morisaki and Y. Moriwaki and G. Morras and A. Moscatello and M. Mould and P. Mourier and B. Mours and C. M. Mow-Lowry and F. Muciaccia and D. Mukherjee and Samanwaya Mukherjee and Soma Mukherjee and Subroto Mukherjee and Suvodip Mukherjee and N. Mukund and A. Mullavey and H. Mullock and J. Munch and J. Mundi and C. L. Mungioli and Y. Murakami and M. Murakoshi and P. G. Murray and S. Muusse and D. Nabari and S. L. Nadji and A. Nagar and N. Nagarajan and K. Nakagaki and K. Nakamura and H. Nakano and M. Nakano and D. Nanadoumgar-Lacroze and D. Nandi and V. Napolano and P. Narayan and I. Nardecchia and T. Narikawa and H. Narola and L. Naticchioni and R. K. Nayak and A. Nela and A. Nelson and T. J. N. Nelson and M. Nery and A. Neunzert and S. Ng and L. Nguyen Quynh and S. A. Nichols and A. B. Nielsen and G. Nieradka and Y. Nishino and A. Nishizawa and S. Nissanke and E. Nitoglia and W. Niu and F. Nocera and M. Norman and C. North and J. Novak and J. F. Nuño Siles and L. K. Nuttall and K. Obayashi and J. Oberling and J. O'Dell and M. Oertel and A. Offermans and G. Oganesyan and J. J. Oh and K. Oh and T. O'Hanlon and M. Ohashi and M. Ohkawa and F. Ohme and R. Oliveri and R. Omer and B. O'Neal and K. Oohara and B. O'Reilly and R. Oram and N. D. Ormsby and M. Orselli and R. O'Shaughnessy and S. O'Shea and Y. Oshima and S. Oshino and C. Osthelder and I. Ota and D. J. Ottaway and A. Ouzriat and H. Overmier and B. J. Owen and A. E. Pace and R. Pagano and M. A. Page and A. Pai and L. Paiella and A. Pal and S. Pal and M. A. Palaia and M. Pálfi and P. P. Palma and C. Palomba and P. Palud and J. Pan and K. C. Pan and R. Panai and P. K. Panda and Shiksha Pandey and Swadha Pandey and P. T. H. Pang and F. Pannarale and K. A. Pannone and B. C. Pant and F. H. Panther and F. Paoletti and A. Paolone and A. Papadopoulos and E. E. Papalexakis and L. Papalini and G. Papigkiotis and A. Paquis and A. Parisi and B. -J. Park and J. Park and W. Parker and G. Pascale and D. Pascucci and A. Pasqualetti and R. Passaquieti and L. Passenger and D. Passuello and O. Patane and D. Pathak and L. Pathak and A. Patra and B. Patricelli and A. S. Patron and B. G. Patterson and K. Paul and S. Paul and E. Payne and T. Pearce and M. Pedraza and A. Pele and F. E. Peña Arellano and S. Penn and M. D. Penuliar and A. Perego and Z. Pereira and J. J. Perez and C. Périgois and G. Perna and A. Perreca and J. Perret and S. Perriès and J. W. Perry and D. Pesios and S. Petracca and C. Petrillo and H. P. Pfeiffer and H. Pham and K. A. Pham and K. S. Phukon and H. Phurailatpam and M. Piarulli and L. Piccari and O. J. Piccinni and M. Pichot and M. Piendibene and F. Piergiovanni and L. Pierini and G. Pierra and V. Pierro and M. Pietrzak and M. Pillas and F. Pilo and L. Pinard and I. M. Pinto and M. Pinto and B. J. Piotrzkowski and M. Pirello and M. D. Pitkin and A. Placidi and E. Placidi and M. L. Planas and W. Plastino and C. Plunkett and R. Poggiani and E. Polini and L. Pompili and J. Poon and E. Porcelli and E. K. Porter and C. Posnansky and R. Poulton and J. Powell and M. Pracchia and B. K. Pradhan and T. Pradier and A. K. Prajapati and K. Prasai and R. Prasanna and P. Prasia and G. Pratten and G. Principe and M. Principe and G. A. Prodi and L. Prokhorov and P. Prosperi and P. Prosposito and A. C. Providence and A. Puecher and J. Pullin and M. Punturo and P. Puppo and M. Pürrer and H. Qi and J. Qin and G. Quéméner and V. Quetschke and P. J. Quinonez and F. J. Raab and I. Rainho and S. Raja and C. Rajan and B. Rajbhandari and K. E. Ramirez and F. A. Ramis Vidal and A. Ramos-Buades and D. Rana and S. Ranjan and K. Ransom and P. Rapagnani and B. Ratto and A. Ray and V. Raymond and M. Razzano and J. Read and M. Recaman Payo and T. Regimbau and L. Rei and S. Reid and D. H. Reitze and P. Relton and A. I. Renzini and A. Renzini and B. Revenu and R. Reyes and A. S. Rezaei and F. Ricci and M. Ricci and A. Ricciardone and J. W. Richardson and M. Richardson and A. Rijal and K. Riles and H. K. Riley and S. Rinaldi and J. Rittmeyer and C. Robertson and F. Robinet and M. Robinson and A. Rocchi and L. Rolland and J. G. Rollins and A. E. Romano and R. Romano and A. Romero and I. M. Romero-Shaw and J. H. Romie and S. Ronchini and T. J. Roocke and L. Rosa and T. J. Rosauer and C. A. Rose and D. Rosińska and M. P. Ross and M. Rossello-Sastre and S. Rowan and S. Roy and S. K. Roy and D. Rozza and P. Ruggi and N. Ruhama and E. Ruiz Morales and K. Ruiz-Rocha and S. Sachdev and T. Sadecki and J. Sadiq and P. Saffarieh and S. Safi-Harb and M. R. Sah and S. Saha and T. Sainrat and S. Sajith Menon and K. Sakai and M. Sakellariadou and S. Sakon and O. S. Salafia and F. Salces-Carcoba and L. Salconi and M. Saleem and F. Salemi and M. Sallé and S. U. Salunkhe and S. Salvador and A. Samajdar and A. Sanchez and E. J. Sanchez and J. H. Sanchez and L. E. Sanchez and N. Sanchis-Gual and J. R. Sanders and E. M. Sänger and F. Santoliquido and F. Sarandrea and T. R. Saravanan and N. Sarin and P. Sarkar and S. Sasaoka and A. Sasli and P. Sassi and B. Sassolas and B. S. Sathyaprakash and R. Sato and Y. Sato and O. Sauter and R. L. Savage and T. Sawada and H. L. Sawant and S. Sayah and V. Scacco and D. Schaetzl and M. Scheel and A. Schiebelbein and M. G. Schiworski and P. Schmidt and S. Schmidt and R. Schnabel and M. Schneewind and R. M. S. Schofield and K. Schouteden and B. W. Schulte and B. F. Schutz and E. Schwartz and M. Scialpi and J. Scott and S. M. Scott and R. M. Sedas and T. C. Seetharamu and M. Seglar-Arroyo and Y. Sekiguchi and D. Sellers and A. S. Sengupta and D. Sentenac and E. G. Seo and J. W. Seo and V. Sequino and M. Serra and G. Servignat and A. Sevrin and T. Shaffer and U. S. Shah and M. S. Shahriar and M. A. Shaikh and L. Shao and A. Sharma and A. K. Sharma and P. Sharma and S. Sharma Chaudhary and M. R. Shaw and P. Shawhan and N. S. Shcheblanov and Y. Shikano and M. Shikauchi and K. Shimode and H. Shinkai and J. Shiota and S. Shirke and D. H. Shoemaker and D. M. Shoemaker and R. W. Short and S. ShyamSundar and A. Sider and H. Siegel and D. Sigg and L. Silenzi and M. Simmonds and L. P. Singer and A. Singh and D. Singh and M. K. Singh and N. Singh and S. Singh and A. Singha and A. M. Sintes and V. Sipala and V. Skliris and B. J. J. Slagmolen and D. A. Slater and T. J. Slaven-Blair and J. Smetana and J. R. Smith and L. Smith and R. J. E. Smith and W. J. Smith and K. Somiya and I. Song and K. Soni and S. Soni and V. Sordini and F. Sorrentino and H. Sotani and A. Southgate and F. Spada and V. Spagnuolo and A. P. Spencer and M. Spera and P. Spinicelli and C. A. Sprague and A. K. Srivastava and F. Stachurski and D. A. Steer and N. Steinle and J. Steinlechner and S. Steinlechner and N. Stergioulas and P. Stevens and S. P. Stevenson and F. Stolzi and M. StPierre and G. Stratta and M. D. Strong and A. Strunk and R. Sturani and A. L. Stuver and M. Suchenek and S. Sudhagar and N. Sueltmann and L. Suleiman and J. M. Sullivan and K. D. Sullivan and J. Sun and L. Sun and S. Sunil and J. Suresh and B. J. Sutton and P. J. Sutton and T. Suzuki and Y. Suzuki and B. L. Swinkels and A. Syx and M. J. Szczepańczyk and P. Szewczyk and M. Tacca and H. Tagoshi and S. C. Tait and H. Takahashi and R. Takahashi and A. Takamori and T. Takase and K. Takatani and H. Takeda and K. Takeshita and C. Talbot and M. Tamaki and N. Tamanini and D. Tanabe and K. Tanaka and S. J. Tanaka and T. Tanaka and D. Tang and S. Tanioka and D. B. Tanner and W. Tanner and L. Tao and R. D. Tapia and E. N. Tapia San Martín and R. Tarafder and C. Taranto and A. Taruya and J. D. Tasson and J. G. Tau and R. Tenorio and H. Themann and A. Theodoropoulos and M. P. Thirugnanasambandam and L. M. Thomas and M. Thomas and P. Thomas and J. E. Thompson and S. R. Thondapu and K. A. Thorne and E. Thrane and S. Tibrewal and J. Tissino and A. Tiwari and P. Tiwari and S. Tiwari and V. Tiwari and M. R. Todd and A. M. Toivonen and K. Toland and A. E. Tolley and T. Tomaru and K. Tomita and V. Tommasini and T. Tomura and H. Tong and C. Tong-Yu and A. Toriyama and N. Toropov and A. Torres-Forné and C. I. Torrie and M. Toscani and I. Tosta e Melo and E. Tournefier and M. Trad Nery and A. Trapananti and F. Travasso and G. Traylor and C. Trejo and M. Trevor and M. C. Tringali and A. Tripathee and G. Troian and A. Trovato and L. Trozzo and R. J. Trudeau and T. T. L. Tsang and S. Tsuchida and L. Tsukada and K. Turbang and M. Turconi and C. Turski and H. Ubach and N. Uchikata and T. Uchiyama and R. P. Udall and T. Uehara and M. Uematsu and S. Ueno and V. Undheim and T. Ushiba and M. Vacatello and H. Vahlbruch and G. Vajente and A. Vajpeyi and G. Valdes and J. Valencia and A. F. Valentini and M. Valentini and S. A. Vallejo-Peña and S. Vallero and V. Valsan and N. van Bakel and M. van Beuzekom and M. van Dael and J. F. J. van den Brand and C. Van Den Broeck and D. C. Vander-Hyde and M. van der Sluys and A. Van de Walle and J. van Dongen and K. Vandra and H. van Haevermaet and J. V. van Heijningen and P. Van Hove and J. Vanier and M. VanKeuren and J. Vanosky and M. H. P. M. van Putten and Z. Van Ranst and N. van Remortel and M. Vardaro and A. F. Vargas and J. J. Varghese and V. Varma and A. N. Vazquez and A. Vecchio and G. Vedovato and J. Veitch and P. J. Veitch and S. Venikoudis and J. Venneberg and P. Verdier and M. Vereecken and D. Verkindt and B. Verma and P. Verma and Y. Verma and S. M. Vermeulen and F. Vetrano and A. Veutro and A. M. Vibhute and A. Viceré and S. Vidyant and A. D. Viets and A. Vijaykumar and A. Vilkha and V. Villa-Ortega and E. T. Vincent and J. -Y. Vinet and S. Viret and A. Virtuoso and S. Vitale and A. Vives and H. Vocca and D. Voigt and E. R. G. von Reis and J. S. A. von Wrangel and L. Vujeva and S. P. Vyatchanin and J. Wack and L. E. Wade and M. Wade and K. J. Wagner and A. Wajid and M. Walker and G. S. Wallace and L. Wallace and E. J. Wang and H. Wang and J. Z. Wang and W. H. Wang and Y. F. Wang and Z. Wang and G. Waratkar and J. Warner and M. Was and T. Washimi and N. Y. Washington and D. Watarai and K. E. Wayt and B. R. Weaver and B. Weaver and C. R. Weaving and S. A. Webster and N. L. Weickhardt and M. Weinert and A. J. Weinstein and R. Weiss and F. Wellmann and L. Wen and P. Weßels and K. Wette and J. T. Whelan and B. F. Whiting and C. Whittle and E. G. Wickens and J. B. Wildberger and D. Wilken and D. J. Willadsen and K. Willetts and D. Williams and M. J. Williams and N. S. Williams and J. L. Willis and B. Willke and M. Wils and C. W. Winborn and J. Winterflood and C. C. Wipf and G. Woan and J. Woehler and N. E. Wolfe and H. T. Wong and I. C. F. Wong and J. L. Wright and M. Wright and C. Wu and D. S. Wu and H. Wu and E. Wuchner and D. M. Wysocki and V. A. Xu and Y. Xu and N. Yadav and H. Yamamoto and K. Yamamoto and T. S. Yamamoto and T. Yamamoto and S. Yamamura and R. Yamazaki and T. Yan and F. W. Yang and F. Yang and K. Z. Yang and Y. Yang and Z. Yarbrough and H. Yasui and S. -W. Yeh and A. B. Yelikar and X. Yin and J. Yokoyama and T. Yokozawa and J. Yoo and H. Yu and S. Yuan and H. Yuzurihara and A. Zadrożny and M. Zanolin and M. Zeeshan and T. Zelenova and J. -P. Zendri and M. Zeoli and M. Zerrad and M. Zevin and A. C. Zhang and L. Zhang and R. Zhang and T. Zhang and Y. Zhang and C. Zhao and Yue Zhao and Yuhang Zhao and Y. Zheng and H. Zhong and R. Zhou and X. -J. Zhu and Z. -H. Zhu and A. B. Zimmerman and M. E. Zucker and J. Zweizig},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.18081},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
As part of the Astrophysical Journal Letters Focus Issue on the Gravitational Wave Transient Catalog. Version accepted for publication