English

Galois groups for integrable and projectively integrable linear difference equations

Commutative Algebra 2017-03-28 v1 Classical Analysis and ODEs Representation Theory

Abstract

We consider first-order linear difference systems over C(x)\mathbb{C}(x), with respect to a difference operator σ\sigma that is either a shift σ:xx+1\sigma:x\mapsto x+1, qq-dilation σ:xqx\sigma:x\mapsto qx with qC×q\in{\mathbb{C}^\times} not a root of unity, or Mahler operator σ:xxq\sigma:x\mapsto x^q with qZ2q\in\mathbb{Z}_{\geq 2}. Such a system is integrable if its solutions also satisfy a linear differential system; it is projectively integrable if it becomes integrable "after moding out by scalars." We apply recent results of Sch\"{a}fke and Singer to characterize which groups can occur as Galois groups of integrable or projectively integrable linear difference systems. In particular, such groups must be solvable. Finally, we give hypertranscendence criteria.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1608.00015,
  title  = {Galois groups for integrable and projectively integrable linear difference equations},
  author = {Carlos E. Arreche and Michael F. Singer},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1608.00015},
  year   = {2017}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-22T15:08:04.027Z