English

Gain on ground state of quantum system for truly $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry

Quantum Physics 2025-09-04 v3

Abstract

For a truly PT\mathcal{PT}-symmetric quantum system, the conventional non-Hermitian Hamiltonian is H=Ωσxiγ11+iγ00H = \Omega\sigma_x -i\gamma|1\rangle\langle1| + i\gamma|0\rangle\langle0|, where Ω\Omega and γ\gamma are real parameters and σx\sigma_x denotes Pauli X operator. These three terms represent coherent coupling, loss (on state 1|1\rangle), and gain (on state 0|0\rangle), respectively. Although the works in [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{101}, 230404 (2008); Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{119}, 190401 (2017); Science \textbf{364}, 878 (2019)] proposed theoretically and/or demonstrate dilation methods for a truly parity-time(PT\mathcal{PT})-symmetric Hamiltonian by embedding into larger Hermitian space, directly realizing the gain term +iγ00+i\gamma|0\rangle\langle0| has still remained an outstanding challenge for quantum system. While systems omitting this gain term can exhibit a passively PT\mathcal{PT}-symmetric energy spectrum (featuring a parallel imaginary shift) and display related phenomena, they fail to capture the full physical behavior and unique properties inherent to truly PT\mathcal{PT}-symmetric systems. In this manuscript, we propose a method to achieve effective gain on the ground state 0|0\rangle (+iγ00+i\gamma|0\rangle\langle0|) after averaging all trajectories, by integrating the S{\o}rensen-Reiter effective operator method with the Wiseman-Milburn master equation for continuous measurement and instantaneous feedback control after averaging the evolution over all trajectories. This approach provides a possible pathway to efficiently construct truly PT\mathcal{PT}-symmetric quantum devices, offering a powerful platform for engineering quantum resources vital for quantum information technology applications.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2507.22728,
  title  = {Gain on ground state of quantum system for truly $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry},
  author = {Bing-Bing Liu and Shi-Lei Su},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.22728},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

7 pages, 3 figures