English

First passage percolation in hostile environment is not monotone

Probability 2024-06-19 v2

Abstract

We study a natural growth process with competition, modeled by two first passage percolation processes, FPP1FPP_1 and FPPλFPP_\lambda, spreading on a graph. FPP1FPP_1 starts at the origin and spreads at rate 11, whereas FPPλFPP_\lambda starts from a random set of \emph{inactive seeds} distributed as Bernoulli percolation of parameter μ(0,1)\mu\in (0,1). A seed of FPPλFPP_\lambda gets activated when one of the two processes attempts to occupy its location, and from this moment onwards spreads at some fixed rate λ>0\lambda>0. In previous works~[17, 3, 7] it has been shown that when both μ\mu or λ\lambda are small enough, then FPP1FPP_1 \emph{survives} (i.e., it occupies an infinite set of vertices) with positive probability. It might seem intuitive that decreasing μ\mu or λ\lambda is beneficial to FPP1FPP_1. However, we prove that, in general, this is indeed false by constructing a graph for which the probability that FPP1FPP_1 survives is not a monotone function of μ\mu or λ\lambda, implying the existence of multiple phase transitions. This behavior contrasts with other natural growth processes such as the 22-type Richardson model.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2110.05821,
  title  = {First passage percolation in hostile environment is not monotone},
  author = {Elisabetta Candellero and Alexandre Stauffer},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2110.05821},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

42 pages, 6 figures