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Finite index theorems for iterated Galois groups of unicritical polynomials

Number Theory 2021-08-12 v1 Dynamical Systems

Abstract

Let KK be the function field of a smooth, irreducible curve defined over Q\overline{\mathbb{Q}}. Let fK[x]f\in K[x] be of the form f(x)=xq+cf(x)=x^q+c where q=pr,r1,q = p^{r}, r \ge 1, is a power of the prime number pp, and let βK\beta\in \overline{K}. For all nN{}n\in\mathbb{N}\cup\{\infty\}, the Galois groups Gn(β)=Gal(K(fn(β))/K(β))G_n(\beta)=\mathop{\rm{Gal}}(K(f^{-n}(\beta))/K(\beta)) embed into [Cq]n[C_q]^n, the nn-fold wreath product of the cyclic group CqC_q. We show that if ff is not isotrivial, then [[Cq]:G(β)]<[[C_q]^\infty:G_\infty(\beta)]<\infty unless β\beta is postcritical or periodic. We are also able to prove that if f1(x)=xq+c1f_1(x)=x^q+c_1 and f2(x)=xq+c2f_2(x)=x^q+c_2 are two such distinct polynomials, then the fields n=1K(f1n(β))\bigcup_{n=1}^\infty K(f_1^{-n}(\beta)) and n=1K(f2n(β))\bigcup_{n=1}^\infty K(f_2^{-n}(\beta)) are disjoint over a finite extension of KK.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1810.00990,
  title  = {Finite index theorems for iterated Galois groups of unicritical polynomials},
  author = {Andrew Bridy and John R. Doyle and Dragos Ghioca and Liang-Chung Hsia and Thomas J. Tucker},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.00990},
  year   = {2021}
}

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20 pages