Euclid preparation. Overview of Euclid infrared detector performance from ground tests
Abstract
The paper describes the objectives, design and findings of the pre-launch ground characterisation campaigns of the Euclid infrared detectors. The pixel properties, including baseline, bad pixels, quantum efficiency, inter pixel capacitance, quantum efficiency, dark current, readout noise, conversion gain, response nonlinearity, and image persistence were measured and characterised for each pixel. We describe in detail the test flow definition that allows us to derive the pixel properties and we present the data acquisition and data quality check software implemented for this purpose. We also outline the measurement protocols of all the pixel properties presented and we provide a comprehensive overview of the performance of the Euclid infrared detectors as derived after tuning the operating parameters of the detectors. The main conclusion of this work is that the performance of the infrared detectors Euclid meets the requirements. Pixels classified as non-functioning accounted for less than 0.2% of all science pixels. IPC coupling is minimal and crosstalk between adjacent pixels is less than 1% between adjacent pixels. 95% of the pixels show a QE greater than 80% across the entire spectral range of the Euclid mission. The conversion gain is approximately 0.52 ADU/e-, with a variation less than 1% between channels of the same detector. The reset noise is approximately equal to 23 ADU after reference pixels correction. The readout noise of a single frame is approximately 13 while the signal estimator noise is measured at 7 in photometric mode and 9 in spectroscopic acquisition mode. The deviation from linear response at signal levels up to 80 k is less than 5% for 95% of the pixels. Median persistence amplitudes are less than 0.3% of the signal, though persistence exhibits significant spatial variation and differences between detectors.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.2507.11326,
title = {Euclid preparation. Overview of Euclid infrared detector performance from ground tests},
author = {Euclid Collaboration and B. Kubik and R. Barbier and J. Clemens and S. Ferriol and A. Secroun and G. Smadja and W. Gillard and N. Fourmanoit and A. Ealet and S. Conseil and J. Zoubian and R. Kohley and J. -C. Salvignol and L. Conversi and T. Maciaszek and H. Cho and W. Holmes and M. Seiffert and A. Waczynski and S. Wachter and K. Jahnke and F. Grupp and C. Bonoli and L. Corcione and S. Dusini and E. Medinaceli and R. Laureijs and G. D. Racca and A. Bonnefoi and M. Carle and A. Costille and F. Ducret and J-L. Gimenez and D. Le Mignant and L. Martin and L. Caillat and L. Valenziano and N. Auricchio and P. Battaglia and A. Derosa and R. Farinelli and F. Cogato and G. Morgante and M. Trifoglio and V. Capobianco and S. Ligori and E. Borsato and C. Sirignano and L. Stanco and S. Ventura and R. Toledo-Moreo and L. Patrizii and Y. Copin and R. Foltz and E. Prieto and N. Aghanim and B. Altieri and S. Andreon and C. Baccigalupi and M. Baldi and A. Balestra and S. Bardelli and F. Bernardeau and A. Biviano and A. Bonchi and E. Branchini and M. Brescia and J. Brinchmann and S. Camera and G. Cañas-Herrera and C. Carbone and J. Carretero and S. Casas and F. J. Castander and M. Castellano and G. Castignani and S. Cavuoti and K. C. Chambers and A. Cimatti and C. Colodro-Conde and G. Congedo and C. J. Conselice and F. Courbin and H. M. Courtois and A. Da Silva and R. da Silva and H. Degaudenzi and G. De Lucia and A. M. Di Giorgio and H. Dole and M. Douspis and F. Dubath and C. A. J. Duncan and X. Dupac and S. Escoffier and M. Farina and F. Faustini and F. Finelli and S. Fotopoulou and M. Frailis and E. Franceschi and M. Fumana and S. Galeotta and B. Gillis and C. Giocoli and J. Gracia-Carpio and B. R. Granett and A. Grazian and L. Guzzo and S. V. H. Haugan and J. Hoar and H. Hoekstra and I. M. Hook and F. Hormuth and A. Hornstrup and P. Hudelot and M. Jhabvala and E. Keihänen and S. Kermiche and A. Kiessling and M. Kümmel and M. Kunz and H. Kurki-Suonio and Q. Le Boulc'h and A. M. C. Le Brun and P. Liebing and P. B. Lilje and V. Lindholm and I. Lloro and G. Mainetti and D. Maino and E. Maiorano and O. Mansutti and S. Marcin and O. Marggraf and M. Martinelli and N. Martinet and F. Marulli and R. Massey and S. Maurogordato and H. J. McCracken and S. Mei and M. Melchior and Y. Mellier and M. Meneghetti and E. Merlin and G. Meylan and A. Mora and M. Moresco and P. W. Morris and L. Moscardini and R. Nakajima and C. Neissner and R. C. Nichol and S. -M. Niemi and C. Padilla and S. Paltani and F. Pasian and K. Pedersen and W. J. Percival and V. Pettorino and S. Pires and G. Polenta and M. Poncet and L. A. Popa and L. Pozzetti and F. Raison and R. Rebolo and A. Renzi and J. Rhodes and G. Riccio and E. Romelli and M. Roncarelli and E. Rossetti and R. Saglia and Z. Sakr and D. Sapone and B. Sartoris and J. A. Schewtschenko and M. Schirmer and P. Schneider and T. Schrabback and M. Scodeggio and E. Sefusatti and G. Seidel and S. Serrano and P. Simon and G. Sirri and J. Steinwagner and P. Tallada-Crespí and D. Tavagnacco and A. N. Taylor and H. I. Teplitz and I. Tereno and S. Toft and F. Torradeflot and A. Tsyganov and I. Tutusaus and J. Valiviita and T. Vassallo and G. Verdoes Kleijn and A. Veropalumbo and Y. Wang and J. Weller and A. Zacchei and G. Zamorani and F. M. Zerbi and E. Zucca and V. Allevato and M. Ballardini and M. Bolzonella and E. Bozzo and C. Burigana and R. Cabanac and A. Cappi and P. Casenove and D. Di Ferdinando and J. A. Escartin Vigo and L. Gabarra and W. G. Hartley and J. Martín-Fleitas and S. Matthew and N. Mauri and R. B. Metcalf and A. Pezzotta and M. Pöntinen and C. Porciani and I. Risso and V. Scottez and M. Sereno and M. Tenti and M. Viel and M. Wiesmann and Y. Akrami and I. T. Andika and S. Anselmi and M. Archidiacono and F. Atrio-Barandela and D. Bertacca and M. Bethermin and A. Blanchard and L. Blot and S. Borgani and M. L. Brown and S. Bruton and A. Calabro and B. Camacho Quevedo and F. Caro and C. S. Carvalho and T. Castro and Y. Charles and R. Chary and A. R. Cooray and O. Cucciati and S. Davini and F. De Paolis and G. Desprez and A. Díaz-Sánchez and S. Di Domizio and J. M. Diego and P. Dimauro and A. Enia and Y. Fang and A. M. N. Ferguson and A. G. Ferrari and A. Finoguenov and A. Fontana and A. Franco and K. Ganga and J. García-Bellido and T. Gasparetto and V. Gautard and E. Gaztanaga and F. Giacomini and F. Gianotti and G. Gozaliasl and M. Guidi and C. M. Gutierrez and A. Hall and H. Hildebrandt and J. Hjorth and J. J. E. Kajava and Y. Kang and V. Kansal and D. Karagiannis and K. Kiiveri and C. C. Kirkpatrick and S. Kruk and J. Le Graet and L. Legrand and M. Lembo and F. Lepori and G. Leroy and G. F. Lesci and J. Lesgourgues and L. Leuzzi and T. I. Liaudat and A. Loureiro and J. Macias-Perez and G. Maggio and M. Magliocchetti and C. Mancini and F. Mannucci and R. Maoli and C. J. A. P. Martins and L. Maurin and M. Miluzio and P. Monaco and A. Montoro and C. Moretti and C. Murray and S. Nadathur and K. Naidoo and A. Navarro-Alsina and F. Passalacqua and K. Paterson and A. Pisani and D. Potter and S. Quai and M. Radovich and P. -F. Rocci and S. Sacquegna and M. Sahlén and D. B. Sanders and E. Sarpa and A. Schneider and D. Sciotti and E. Sellentin and G. Setnikar and L. C. Smith and K. Tanidis and C. Tao and G. Testera and R. Teyssier and S. Tosi and A. Troja and M. Tucci and C. Valieri and A. Venhola and D. Vergani and G. Verza and J. R. Weaver and L. Zalesky},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.11326},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
22 pages, 20 figures, 4 pages of annexes. Submitted to A&A