English

Efficiently driving F$_1$ molecular motor in experiment by suppressing nonequilibrium variation

Biological Physics 2025-10-09 v1 Statistical Mechanics

Abstract

F1_1-ATPase (F1_1) is central to cellular energy transduction. Forcibly rotated by another motor Fo_\mathrm{o}, F1_1 catalyzes ATP synthesis by converting mechanical work into chemical free energy stored in the molecule ATP. The details of how Fo_\mathrm{o} drives F1_1 are not fully understood; however, evaluating efficient ways to rotate F1_1 could provide fruitful insights into this driving since there is a selective pressure to improve efficiency. Here, we show that rotating F1_1 with an angle clamp is significantly more efficient than a constant torque. Our experiments, combined with theory and simulation, indicate that the angle clamp significantly suppresses the nonequilibrium variation that contributes to the futile dissipation of input work.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2505.01101,
  title  = {Efficiently driving F$_1$ molecular motor in experiment by suppressing nonequilibrium variation},
  author = {Takahide Mishima and Deepak Gupta and Yohei Nakayama and W. Callum Wareham and Takumi Ohyama and David A. Sivak and Shoichi Toyabe},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.01101},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

5 pages, 4 figures for the main manuscript. 9 pages, 5 figures for the supplemental material