English

Curve separation in supercritical half-space last passage percolation

Probability 2026-02-24 v2 Mathematical Physics math.MP

Abstract

We study line ensembles arising naturally in symmetrized/half-space geometric last passage percolation (LPP) on the N×NN \times N square. The weights of the model are geometrically distributed with parameter q2q^2 off the diagonal and cqcq on the diagonal, where q(0,1)q \in (0,1) and c[0,q1)c \in [0, q^{-1}). In the supercritical regime c>1c > 1, we show that the ensembles undergo a phase transition: the top curve separates from the rest and converges to a Brownian motion under N1/2N^{1/2} fluctuations and NN spatial scaling, while the remaining curves converge to the Airy line ensemble under N1/3N^{1/3} fluctuations and N2/3N^{2/3} spatial scaling. Our analysis relies on a distributional identity between half-space LPP and the Pfaffian Schur process. The latter exhibits two key structures: (1) a Pfaffian point process, which we use to establish finite-dimensional convergence of the ensembles, and (2) a Gibbsian line ensemble, which we use to extend convergence uniformly over compact sets.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2510.07508,
  title  = {Curve separation in supercritical half-space last passage percolation},
  author = {Evgeni Dimitrov and Zhengye Zhou},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.07508},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

55 pages, 5 figures. V2. Fixed some typos and expanded the introduction