English

Conservation Principles in AQUAL

History and Philosophy of Physics 2024-01-31 v2 Astrophysics of Galaxies General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology Classical Physics

Abstract

We consider conservation of momentum in AQUAL, a field-theoretic extension to Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). We show that while there is a sense in which momentum is conserved, it is only if momentum is attributed to the gravitational field, and thus Newton's third law fails as usually understood. We contrast this situation with that of Newtonian gravitation on a field theoretic formulation. We then briefly discuss the situation in TeVeS, a relativistic theory that has AQUAL as a classical limit.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2401.12516,
  title  = {Conservation Principles in AQUAL},
  author = {Clara Bradley and James Owen Weatherall},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.12516},
  year   = {2024}
}

Comments

We have become aware of a serious error in the arguments of section III.B. This error is such that the main claim of that section does not follow. Since these arguments are integral to the thesis of the manuscript, we withdraw the manuscript at this time while working on corrections. The authors are grateful to Moti Milgrom for kindly pointing out the error

R2 v1 2026-06-28T14:24:21.572Z