English

Can decaying vacuum solve the H_0 Tension?

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics 2025-07-23 v4 General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

Abstract

In the present work we analyze two different models of interaction between dark energy and dark matter, also known as vacuum decay models or Λ(t)\Lambda(t)CDM models. In both models, when the H0H_0 parameter is constrained by the Planck distance priors, its value is compatible with a higher value of H0H_0, in agreement with SH0ES data, while simultaneously reducing the values of Ωm\Omega_m and Ωb\Omega_b. In both models, we find H0=73.1±0.86H_0=73.1\pm0.86 at 68\% c.l. by combining Planck+SH0ES data. We also find the decay parameter to be ε=0.01970.0027+0.0032\varepsilon=0.0197^{+0.0032}_{-0.0027} for one model and ε=0.0203±0.0034\varepsilon=0.0203\pm0.0034 for the other one. From these analyses, a noninteracting model is excluded at least at 6σ6\sigma c.l.! This shows that these types of models are promising in solving or at least alleviating the H0H_0 tension problem. Our analysis also shows a preference for the decay of vacuum into dark matter, in agreement to thermodynamic analyses.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2412.06756,
  title  = {Can decaying vacuum solve the H_0 Tension?},
  author = {L. S. Brito and J. F. Jesus and A. A. Escobal and S. H. Pereira},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.06756},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

23 pages, 5 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-28T20:28:17.966Z