English

Baryon-number-violating nucleon decays in SMEFT extended with a light scalar

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology 2026-02-19 v2

Abstract

New light particles have received considerable attention in recent years. Baryon-number-violating (BNV) nucleon decays involving such light particles are able to provide stringent constraints. They exhibit distinctive experimental signatures that merit thorough investigation. We systematically investigate BNV nucleon decay with a light scalar in an effective field theory framework. Within this framework, we set stringent bounds on BNV operators using available experimental data and predict the occurrence of several BNV three-body nucleon decays. We further study contributions to dinucleon to dilepton transitions in a nucleus mediated by the scalar, which complements single nucleon decay. Finally, we provide three ultraviolet-complete models that can generate different subsets of BNV operators in leading order. Our theoretical framework will facilitate experimental searches for those exotic nucleon decays.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2511.02169,
  title  = {Baryon-number-violating nucleon decays in SMEFT extended with a light scalar},
  author = {Xiao-Dong Ma and Michael A. Schmidt and Weihang Zhang},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.02169},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

v2, 32 pages, 14 figures, minor revisions for correcting a few typos, matched the published version in JHEP