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Appropriate Inner Product for PT-Symmetric Hamiltonians

Quantum Physics 2018-02-07 v2 High Energy Physics - Theory

Abstract

A Hamiltonian HH that is not Hermitian can still have a real and complete energy eigenspectrum if it instead is PTPT symmetric. For such Hamiltonians three possible inner products have been considered in the literature, the VV norm, the PTPT norm, and the CC norm. Here VV is the operator that implements VHV1=HVHV^{-1}=H^{\dagger}, the PTPT norm is the overlap of a state with its PTPT conjugate, and CC is a discrete linear operator that always exists for any Hamiltonian that can be diagonalized. Here we show that it is the VV norm that is the most fundamental as it is always chosen by the theory itself. In addition we show that the VV norm is always equal to the PTPT norm if one defines the PTPT conjugate of a state to contain its intrinsic PTPT phase. We discuss the conditions under which the VV norm coincides with the CC operator norm, and show that in general one should not use the linear CC operator but for the purposes that it is used one can instead use the antilinear PTPT operator itself.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1708.01247,
  title  = {Appropriate Inner Product for PT-Symmetric Hamiltonians},
  author = {Philip D. Mannheim},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1708.01247},
  year   = {2018}
}

Comments

10 pages,revtex4. Final version, to appear in Phys. Rev. D