English

Apparent Horizons Associated with Dynamical Black Hole Entropy

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2026-02-03 v2 High Energy Physics - Theory

Abstract

We define entropic marginally outer trapped surfaces (E-MOTSs) as a generalization of apparent horizons. We then show that, under first-order perturbations around a stationary black hole, the dynamical black hole entropy proposed by Hollands, Wald, and Zhang, defined on a background Killing horizon, can be expressed as the Wall entropy evaluated on an E-MOTS associated with it. Our result ensures that the Hollands-Wald-Zhang entropy reduces to the standard Wald entropy in each stationary regime of a dynamical black hole, thereby reinforcing the robustness of the dynamical entropy formulation.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2507.14105,
  title  = {Apparent Horizons Associated with Dynamical Black Hole Entropy},
  author = {Hideo Furugori and Kanji Nishii and Daisuke Yoshida and Kaho Yoshimura},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.14105},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

44 pages, published version

R2 v1 2026-07-01T04:08:15.854Z