English

A merging procedure for labelings of bipartite graphs

Combinatorics 2026-05-14 v1

Abstract

Let GG a bipartite graph with vertex bipartition {A,B}\{A,B\} and let m=E(G)m=|E(G)|. An (A,B)(A,B)-uniformly ordered labeling of GG is a labeling f ⁣:V[0,2m]f\colon V\rightarrow [0,2m] which, among other conditions, requires that there exists λN\lambda\in \mathbb N such that f(a)λf(a)\le \lambda and f(b)>λf(b)>\lambda for all aAa\in A and bBb\in B. The existence of such a labeling for GG implies the existence of a cyclic GG-decomposition of K2mx+1K_{2mx+1} for all positive integers xx. In this paper, as a starting point, through this type of labeling we prove the existence of a cyclic GG-decomposition in the case that GG is a cycle of even length with either one or two pendant paths of any length. Then, through a merging procedure, we are able to get this type of labeling for a specific class of bipartite graphs, which are obtained by iteratively adding an even cycle and a pendant path.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2605.13610,
  title  = {A merging procedure for labelings of bipartite graphs},
  author = {Paola Bonacini and Lucia Marino},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.13610},
  year   = {2026}
}