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A maximum concurrence criterion to investigate absolutely maximally entangled states

Quantum Physics 2025-01-28 v1

Abstract

We propose a straightforward method to determine the maximal entanglement of pure states using the criterion of maximal I-concurrence, a measure of entanglement. The square of concurrence for a bipartition XXX|X^\prime of a pure state is defined as EXX2=2[1tr(ρX2)]E^2_{X| X ^\prime}=2[1-tr({\rho_X}^2)]. From this, we can infer that the concurrence EXXE_{X| X ^\prime} reaches its maximum when tr(ρX2)tr({\rho_X}^2) is minimized. Using this approach, we identify numerous Absolutely Maximally Entangled (AME) pure states that exhibit maximal entanglement across all possible bipartitions. Conditions are derived for pure states to achieve maximal mixedness in all bipartitions, revealing that any pure state with an odd number of subsystem coefficients does not meet the AME criterion. Furthermore, we obtain equal maximal multipartite entangled pure states across all bipartitions using our maximal concurrence criterion.

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Cite

@article{arxiv.2501.15477,
  title  = {A maximum concurrence criterion to investigate absolutely maximally entangled states},
  author = {Subhasish Bag and Ramita Sarkar and Prasanta K. Panigrahi},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2501.15477},
  year   = {2025}
}

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25 pages