A digitally controlled silicon quantum processing unit
Quantum Physics
2026-05-05 v2
Abstract
Commercially-relevant quantum computers will require large numbers of high-performing qubits that can be manufactured, integrated, and controlled at scale. Silicon exchange-only (EO) qubits are a strong candidate modality due to their control-signal simplicity and compatibility with advanced semiconductor manufacturing, but questions remain around the achievability of sufficiently low noise and a scalable control and wiring solution. Here we introduce a quantum processing unit composed of a custom-designed cryogenic CMOS controller, a novel high-density superconducting ribbon cable, and a low-noise EO qubit device. The quantum chip features a three-rail array of 54 exchange-coupled quantum dots, configurable to host up to 18 EO qubits. We integrate and use these components to demonstrate qubit performance for both single-qubit and entangling operations that advances the EO state of the art by an order of magnitude. We further validate this system by implementing a distance-5 repetition code and a quantum error detecting code then make detailed comparisons with simulations. Our approach facilitates a utility-scale quantum computer with manageable operational and capital requirements.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2604.16216,
title = {A digitally controlled silicon quantum processing unit},
author = {Members of the HRL Quantum Team and Collaborators and : and Michael Abraham and Edwin Acuna and Tower S. Adams and Moonmoon Akmal and Matthew R. Alfaro and I. Alvarado and Jacob Amontree and Carter Andrews and Reed W. Andrews and Michael Antcliffe and Andre R. Aséncio and Ryan M. Avila Batres and Cynthia D. Baringer and David W. Barnes and Katherine M. Beech and Russell G. Blakey and Zachery T. Bloom and Aaron J. Bluestone and Jacob Z. Blumoff and Matthew G. Borselli and Koel A. Bose and Brydon Boyd and Jacob T. Boyer and Teresa L. Brecht and Christopher C. Brough and Rex A. Brown and Steven L. Brown and Tyler A. Cain and John B. Carpenter and Stephen Carr and Faustin W. Carter and Mitchell Casanova and Jacob L. Chambers and Matthew D. Chambers and Khamsorn L. Chanthavong and James M. Chappell and Rhian Chavez and Kevin C. Chen and Peter S. Chen and Maxwell D. Choi and Krishna Choudhary and Matthew N. H. Chow and Justin E. Christensen and Aaron M. Chronister and Andrew M. Clapper and Abigail A. Coker and Michael D. Cornelius and Albert E. Cosand and Ian T. Counts and Edward T. Croke and Gregory M. Crosswhite and Adam Dally and Erik S. Daniel and Tuan A. Dao and Dominic Daprano and Tiffany Davis and Neha Deshpande and Rachel S. Dey and D. Scott Diamond and Claire E. Dickerson and J. P. Dodson and James B. Dragan and Marc Dvorak and Lisa F. Edge and Charles R. Elliott and Kenneth R. Elliott and Kevin Eng and Jacob Fast and Colin P. Feeney and David J. Fialkow and Dylan H. Finestone and Micha N. Fireman and Bryan H. Fong and Trevor M. Fowler and Sean Frazier and Kiera L. Fuller and Christina A. C. Garcia and Kacy L. Garstka and Kara C. Garvey and Zachary A. Geiger and Galen R. Gledhill and Caleigh M. Goodwin-Schoen and Joseph L. Goralka and Bradley W. Greene and Hrayr K. Gurgenian and Sieu D. Ha and Wonill Ha and Nathanial R. Hapeman and Brooke M. Hardesty and Jim W. Harrington and Patrick M. Harrington and Thomas R. B. Harris and Ben M. Harrison and Anthony T. Hatke and Robert R. Hayes and Kevin He and Raul Hernandez Garcia and Ryan M. Hickey and Jocelyn Hicks-Garner and Alex Hirman and Donald A. Hitko and David Ho and Holland Y. Ho and Vinh S. Ho and nathan holman and Adam Holmes and Nerys Huffman and Daniel R. Hulbert and Eric B. Isaacs and Clayton A. C. Jackson and Logan Jaeger and Ian Jenkins and Cameron Jennings and Paul C. Jerger and B. Johnson and Aaron M. Jones and Michael P. Jura and Adour V. Kabakian and Raj M. Katti and Tyler Keating and Joseph Kerckhoff and Joseph D. Kern and Isaac Khalaf and Aditya Kher and Jake J. Kim and Erich W. Kinder and Andrey A. Kiselev and William F. Koehl and Patrick W. Krantz and Thaddeus D. Ladd and Pierce G. Laing and Sanaaya Lakdawala and Nathan J. Lang and Robert Lanza and Elias Lawson-Fox and Dustin Le and Kangmu Lee and Nathan R. A. Lee and Jaime Lerma and Mark P. Levendorf and Alwina R. Liu and Henry Lizarraga and Aurelio Lopez and Hoa C. Ly and Torrey T. Lyons and Theodore K. Macioce and Matthew M. Mackey and John K. Maeda and Ryan M. Martin and Daniel S. Matic and Justine W. Matten and Gavin C. Mazur and Max S. McCready and Olivia Means and Kevin E. Millner and Ivan Milosavljevic and Matthew Morris and Susan L. Morton and Samuel Mumford and Bryce D. Murley and Robert G. Nagele and Taro A. Naoi and Cameron R. Nelson and Georgia A. Newman and David B. Nguyen and Tina Niknejad and Rebecca N. Nishide and Liam C. O'Brien and Colin B. E. O'Keefe and Riley P. O'Neil and Andrew E. Oriani and Anthony F. Ortiz and John J. Ottusch and Andrew Pan and Pamela R. Patterson and Uttam Paudel and Julius C. Perez and Christi A. Peterson and Vu T. Phan and Nickolas H. Pilgram and Clifford E. Plesha and Winston Pouse and Eric M. Prophet and Daniel R. Queen and Nicholas Quirk and Kate Raach and Matthew T. Rakher and Matthew D. Reed and Brandon D. Reynolds and Luke D. Robertson and Zechariah Rogers and Yakov Royter and Matthew J. Ruiz and Golam Sabbir and Roshan Sajjad and Christopher D. Sanborn and Rachel H. Sarmiento and Christian J. Schnaible and Cole Scott and Nicholas M. Sebastiani and Eric M. Segall and Alen Senanian and Adalberto Sicairos and Shariq Siddiqui and Kartik Singh and Aaron Smith and Daniel E. Smith and Robert S. Smith and Sarah F. Sontag and Emilio A. Sovero and Kevin C. Staley and Andrea Su and June Suh and Bo Sun and Danny Sun and Christopher M. Swank and Noah Swimmer and Mariano J. Taboada and Bryan J. Thomas and Yessica Torres and Jeremy W. Touve and Alan Tran and Ivan Tran and Chantang Tsen and Skylar Turner and Miguel Valencia and Irma Valles and James R. van Meter and Nicholas D. VanRensselaer and Franklin Vartanian and Daniel Volya and Zachary J. Vrba and Phuong Hong Vu and Annette L. Wagner and John Wallner and Michael P. Walsh and Shuoqin Wang and Tong Wang and Daniel R. Ward and Aaron J. Weinstein and Terry B. Welch and Thomas V. Westrick and Evan T. White and Randall M. White and Samuel J. Whiteley and Gananath Wijeratne and Parker Williams and Jack T. Wilson and Courtney P. Wilt and Deborah E. Winklea and Onnik Yaglioglu and Daniel Yap and Clifford S. YoungSciortino and Daniel Zehnder and Andrew Ziegler},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.16216},
year = {2026}
}