English

Zeros of polynomials with four-term recurrence

Complex Variables 2018-03-16 v1

Abstract

For any real numbers b,cRb,c\in\mathbb{R}, we form the sequence of polynomials {Hm(z)}m=0\left\{ H_{m}(z)\right\} _{m=0}^{\infty} satisfying the four-term recurrence Hm(z)+cHm1(z)+bHm2(z)+zHm3(z)=0,m3, H_{m}(z)+cH_{m-1}(z)+bH_{m-2}(z)+zH_{m-3}(z)=0,\qquad m\ge3, with the initial conditions H0(z)=1H_{0}(z)=1, H1(z)=H_{1}(z)=c-c, and H2(z)=b+c2H_{2}(z)=-b+c^{2}. We find necessary and sufficient conditions on bb and cc under which the zeros of Hm(z)H_{m}(z) are real for all mm, and provide an explicit real interval on which m=0Z(Hm){\displaystyle \bigcup_{m=0}^{\infty}\mathcal{Z}(H_{m})} is dense where Z(Hm)\mathcal{Z}(H_{m}) is the set of zeros of Hm(z)H_{m}(z).

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1701.07814,
  title  = {Zeros of polynomials with four-term recurrence},
  author = {Khang Tran and Andres Zumba},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1701.07814},
  year   = {2018}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-22T18:01:45.684Z