English

Wolstenholme's theorem over Gaussian integers

Number Theory 2025-10-07 v1

Abstract

This paper establishes an extension of Wolstenholme's theorem to the ring of Gaussian integers Z[i]\mathbb{Z}[i]. For a prime p>7p > 7, we prove that the sum SpS_p of inverses of Gaussian integers in the set {n+mi1n,mp1,gcd(p,mi+n)=1}\{n+mi \mid 1 \leq n, m \leq p-1, \gcd(p, mi+n)=1\} satisfies the congruence Sp0(modp4)S_p \equiv 0 \pmod{p^4}. We further generalize this result to higher-power sums Sp(k)S_p^{(k)}, demonstrating structured divisibility patterns modulo powers of pp. We propose some conjectures generalising the connections between classical Wolstenholme's theorem and binomial coefficients. Special cases and irregularities for small primes (p1000p \leq 1000) are explicitly computed and tabulated.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2504.07978,
  title  = {Wolstenholme's theorem over Gaussian integers},
  author = {Nikita Kalinin},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.07978},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T22:54:01.507Z