English

Weightless Neural Networks for Continuously Trainable Personalized Recommendation Systems

Information Retrieval 2025-11-11 v1 Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning

Abstract

Given that conventional recommenders, while deeply effective, rely on large distributed systems pre-trained on aggregate user data, incorporating new data necessitates large training cycles, making them slow to adapt to real-time user feedback and often lacking transparency in recommendation rationale. We explore the performance of smaller personal models trained on per-user data using weightless neural networks (WNNs), an alternative to neural backpropagation that enable continuous learning by using neural networks as a state machine rather than a system with pretrained weights. We contrast our approach against a classic weighted system, also on a per-user level, and standard collaborative filtering, achieving competitive levels of accuracy on a subset of the MovieLens dataset. We close with a discussion of how weightless systems can be developed to augment centralized systems to achieve higher subjective accuracy through recommenders more directly tunable by end-users.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2511.05499,
  title  = {Weightless Neural Networks for Continuously Trainable Personalized Recommendation Systems},
  author = {Rafayel Latif and Satwik Behera and Ali Al-Ebrahim},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.05499},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T07:26:41.586Z