English

Von Neumann Entropy and Quantum Algorithmic Randomness

Quantum Physics 2025-04-15 v1 Information Theory math.IT Logic

Abstract

A state ρ=(ρn)n=1\rho=(\rho_n)_{n=1}^{\infty} is a sequence such that ρn\rho_n is a density matrix on nn qubits. It formalizes the notion of an infinite sequence of qubits. The von Neumann entropy H(d)H(d) of a density matrix dd is the Shannon entropy of its eigenvalue distribution. We show: (1) If ρ\rho is a computable quantum Schnorr random state then limn[H(ρn)/n]=1\lim_n [H(\rho_n )/n] = 1. (2) We define quantum s-tests for s[0,1]s\in [0,1], show that lim infn[H(ρn)/n]{s:ρ\liminf_n [H(\rho_n)/n]\geq \{ s: \rho is covered by a quantum s-test }\} for computable ρ\rho and construct states where this inequality is an equality. (3) If cnH(ρn)>nc\exists c \exists^\infty n H(\rho_n)> n-c then ρ\rho is strong quantum random. Strong quantum randomness is a randomness notion which implies quantum Schnorr randomness relativized to any oracle. (4) A computable state (ρn)n=1(\rho_n)_{n=1}^{\infty} is quantum Schnorr random iff the family of distributions of the ρn\rho_n's is uniformly integrable. We show that the implications in (1) and (3) are strict.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2412.18646,
  title  = {Von Neumann Entropy and Quantum Algorithmic Randomness},
  author = {Tejas Bhojraj},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.18646},
  year   = {2025}
}

Comments

21 pages, 2 figures, submitted to a journal

R2 v1 2026-06-28T20:48:22.930Z