Trans-series from condensates in the non-linear sigma model
Abstract
In this work we provide a massless perturbative framework for the two dimensional non-linear sigma model (NLSM), that allows the computation of the perturbative series attached to the operator condensates in the operator product expansion (OPE). It is based on a limit of the quartic linear sigma model (LSM) and is manifestly symmetric. We show, at next-to-leading order in the expansion, how this framework reproduces the perturbative contribution to the two-point function, as well as its first exponentially small correction due to the condensate of the Lagrangian operator, in full agreement with the exact non-perturbative large solution. We also show that, in the full LSM, the physics at the natural UV cutoff indeed decouples from the NLSM in the IR, in the weak-coupling limit. In particular, we show that the perturbative framework for the LSM at the cutoff scale is connected to the one in the NLSM. The structure of power divergences in the LSM regularization also reveals that the first renormalon on the positive Borel axis of the NLSM perturbative self-energy is an UV renormalon, which cancels against the ambiguity in the condensate.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2507.02605,
title = {Trans-series from condensates in the non-linear sigma model},
author = {Yizhuang Liu and Marcos Mariño},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.02605},
year = {2026}
}
Comments
40 pages, 8 figures; v2: reorganized sections for improved clarity of exposition. Minor corrections and clarifications added. Results unchanged