The arithmetic of vector-valued modular forms on $\Gamma_{0}(2)$

Let $\rho$ denote an irreducible two-dimensional representation of $\Gamma_{0}(2)$. The collection of vector-valued modular forms for $\rho$, which we denote by $M(\rho)$, form a graded and free module of rank two over the ring of modular forms on $\Gamma_{0}(2)$, which we denote by $M(\Gamma_{0}(2))$. For a certain class of $\rho$, we prove that if Z is any vector-valued modular form for $\rho$ whose component functions have algebraic Fourier coefficients then the sequence of the denominators of the Fourier coefficients of both component functions of Z is unbounded. Our methods involve computing an explicit basis for $M(\rho)$ as a $M(\Gamma_{0}(2))$-module. We give formulas for the component functions of a minimal weight vector-valued form for $\rho$ in terms of the Gaussian hypergeometric series $_{2}F_{1}$, a Hauptmodul of $\Gamma_{0}(2)$, and the Dedekind $\eta$-function.