Teleportation transition of surface codes on a superconducting quantum processor
Abstract
The topological surface code is a leading candidate for harnessing long-range entanglement to protect logical quantum information against errors, and teleportation of logical states is desirable for robust quantum information processing. Nevertheless, scaling up the surface code in quantum teleportation poses a formidable challenge to experiment. Here on a superconducting quantum processor with 125 qubits, we demonstrate the robust teleportation of topological rotated surface code prepared by a linear-depth unitary circuit, with code distances up to 7. We obtain the teleportation phase diagram by tuning the local entangling gates uniformly across a finite threshold. Furthermore, we show that the entangling threshold can be boosted by coherent qubit rotations that inject magic resources beyond the Clifford regime, restoring the duality symmetry of the topological phase, which serves as a guiding principle to minimize the entanglement resource. Our results shed light on simulating and leveraging topological quantum matter on quantum devices, and pave the way to the ultimate goal of distributed fault tolerant quantum computation.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2602.21293,
title = {Teleportation transition of surface codes on a superconducting quantum processor},
author = {Yiren Zou and Hong-Kuan Xia and Aosai Zhang and Xuhao Zhu and Feitong Jin and Qingyuan Wang and Yu Gao and Chuanyu Zhang and Ning Wang and Zhengyi Cui and Fanhao Shen and Zehang Bao and Zitian Zhu and Jiarun Zhong and Gongyu Liu and Jia-Nan Yang and Yihang Han and Yiyang He and Jiayuan Shen and Han Wang and Yanzhe Wang and Jiahua Huang and Xinrong Zhang and Sailang Zhou and Hang Dong and Jinfeng Deng and Yaozu Wu and Zixuan Song and Hekang Li and Zhen Wang and Chao Song and Qiujiang Guo and Pengfei Zhang and Guo-Yi Zhu and H. Wang},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.21293},
year = {2026}
}