Superpositions of CARMA processes

We introduce supCARMA processes, defined as superpositions of L\'evy-driven CARMA processes with respect to a L\'evy basis, as a natural extension of the superpositions of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type processes. We then focus on supCAR$(2)$ processes and show that they can be classified into three distinct types determined by the eigenstructure of the underlying CAR$(2)$ matrix. For each type we provide conditions for existence and derive explicit expressions for the correlation function. The resulting correlation structures may exhibit long-range dependence and can be non-monotone. These features make supCAR$(2)$ processes a flexible class for modeling time series with oscillatory correlations or strong dependence.