Spectral sum rules for the Schr\"odinger equation

We study the sum rules of the form $Z(s) = \sum_n E_n^{-s}$, where $E_n$ are the eigenvalues of the time--independent Schr\"odinger equation (in one or more dimensions) and $s$ is a rational number for which the series converges. We have used perturbation theory to obtain an explicit formula for the sum rules up to second order in the perturbation and we have extended it non--perturbatively by means of a Pad\'e--approximant. For the special case of a box decorated with one impurity in one dimension we have calculated the first few sum rules of integer order exactly; the sum rule of order one has also been calculated exactly for the problem of a box with two impurities. In two dimensions we have considered the case of an impurity distributed on a circle of arbitrary radius and we have calculated the exact sum rules of order two. Finally we show that exact sum rules can be obtained, in one dimension, by transforming the Schr\"odinger equation into the Helmholtz equation with a suitable density.