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Speckle-Driven Single-Shot Orbital Angular Momentum Recognition with Ultra-Low Sampling Density

Optics 2025-12-15 v3

Abstract

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) recognition of vortex beams is critical for applications ranging from optical communications to quantum technologies. However, conventional approaches designed for free-space propagation struggle when light passes through scattering media, such as multimode fibers (MMF), and often rely on high-resolution sensors with tens of thousands of pixels to record detailed intensity profiles. Here, by harnessing scattering media as intrinsic encoders rather than detrimental factors, we introduce a speckle-driven OAM recognition technique termed patially multiplexed points detection (SMPD). This method extracts intensity information from a few spatially distributed points in a speckle plane, where object feature is naturally multiplexed, thereby transforming scattering from a detrimental effect into an efficient encoding mechanism while drastically reducing sampling requirements. Remarkably, it achieves over 99% retrieval accuracy for OAMs recognition using just 16 sampling points, corresponding to a sampling density of 0.024% compared with conventional imaging-based approaches. Furthermore, spatiotemporally interleaved vortex beams decoding, highcapacity OAM-multiplexed communication, MNIST, and Fashion-MNIST classification are implemented to verify the versatility of SMPD. This work establishes a scalable strategy for efficient optical information processing and fiberbased sensing in complex environments.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2310.04658,
  title  = {Speckle-Driven Single-Shot Orbital Angular Momentum Recognition with Ultra-Low Sampling Density},
  author = {Zhiyuan Wang and Haoran Li and Tianting Zhong and Qi Zhao and Vinu R and Huanhao Li and Zhipeng Yu and Jixiong Pu and Ziyang Chen and Xiaocong Yuan and Puxiang Lai},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.04658},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T12:43:09.685Z