English

Some issues concerning the proton charge radius puzzle

Atomic Physics 2012-10-25 v2

Abstract

An explanation of the difference of the charge radius of the proton as determined from the Lamb shift in electronic hydrogen and from elastic electron scattering off the proton on the one side and the recent high precision determination with muonic hydrogen on the other side is presented. It is shown that the modification of the 2S1/22S_{1/2} and 2P3/22P_{3/2} wave functions by the "Uehling potential" yields a correction to the theoretical Lamb shift of δ(ΔELamb)=0.302\delta (\Delta E_{\textrm{Lamb}}) = 0.302 meV which has to be compared to δ(ΔELamb)=0.322(46)\delta (\Delta E_{\textrm{Lamb}}) = 0.322(46) meV equivalent to the stated radius difference. The explanation is based on the realization that the bound state wave functions modified by the external "Uehling potential" have to be propagated by the vacuum polarization propagator in order to give the correct leading order Lamb shift. It is argued that a conflicting relativistic calculation neglects this propagation aspect. The explanation demonstrates that the Lamb shift is dynamically induced through the QED vacuum polarization and is not only the result of a static external "Uehling potential" probed by a test charge.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1207.4901,
  title  = {Some issues concerning the proton charge radius puzzle},
  author = {Thomas Walcher},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1207.4901},
  year   = {2012}
}

Comments

8 pages, 6 figures The central argument has been elaborated. The result is unchanged. 4 figures added, 3 references added

R2 v1 2026-06-21T21:38:57.542Z