English

Reciprocal transmittances and reflectances: An elementary proof

Optics 2011-11-09 v4

Abstract

We present an elementary proof concerning reciprocal transmittances and reflectances. The proof is direct, simple, and valid for the diverse objects that can be absorptive and induce diffraction and scattering, as long as the objects respond linearly and locally to electromagnetic waves. The proof enables students who understand the basics of classical electromagnetics to grasp the physical basis of reciprocal optical responses. In addition, we show an example to demonstrate reciprocal response numerically and experimentally.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.physics/0610143,
  title  = {Reciprocal transmittances and reflectances: An elementary proof},
  author = {Masanobu Iwanaga and Takafumi Hatano and Teruya Ishihara and A. S. Vengurlekar},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:physics/0610143},
  year   = {2011}
}

Comments

6 pages, 5 figures. RevTEX4. Improved wording. Physics Education

R2 v1 2026-07-22T19:13:09.713Z