Raviolo vertex algebras

We develop an algebraic structure modeling local operators in a three-dimensional quantum field theory which is partially holomorphic and partially topological. The geometric space organizing our algebraic structure is called the raviolo (or bubble) and replaces the punctured disk underlying vertex algebras; we refer to this structure as a raviolo vertex algebra. The raviolo has appeared in many contexts related to three-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theory, especially in work on the affine Grassmannian. We prove a number of structure theorems for raviolo vertex algebras and provide simple examples that share many similarities with their vertex algebra counterparts.