Quantum Latin squares with all possible cardinalities
Quantum Physics
2025-07-09 v1
Abstract
A quantum Latin square of order (denoted as QLS) is an array whose entries are unit column vectors from the -dimensional Hilbert space , such that each row and column forms an orthonormal basis. Two unit vectors are regarded as identical if there exists a real number such that ; otherwise, they are considered distinct. The cardinality of a QLS is the number of distinct vectors in the array. In this paper, we use sub-QLSs to prove that for any integer and any integer , there is a QLS with cardinality .
Cite
@article{arxiv.2507.05642,
title = {Quantum Latin squares with all possible cardinalities},
author = {Ying Zhang and Xin Wang and Lijun Ji},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.05642},
year = {2025}
}