English

Quantum Gravity, Constant Negative Curvatures, and Black Holes

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology 2020-04-22 v2

Abstract

For purposes of quantization, classical gravity is normally expressed by canonical variables, namely the metric gab(x)g_{ab}(x) and the momentum πcd(x)\pi^{cd}(x). Canonical quantization requires a proper promotion of these classical variables to quantum operators, which, according to Dirac, the favored operators should be those arising from classical variables that formed Cartesian coordinates; sadly, in this case, that is not possible. However, an affine quantization features promoting the metric gab(x)g_{ab}(x) and the momentric πdc(x)  [πce(x)gde(x)]\pi^c_d(x)\;[\equiv \pi^{ce}(x) \,g_{de}(x)] to operators. Instead of these classical variables belonging to a constant zero curvature space (i.e., instead of a flat space), they belong to a space of constant negative curvatures. This feature may even have its appearance in black holes, which could strongly point toward an affine quantization approach to quantize gravity.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2004.07771,
  title  = {Quantum Gravity, Constant Negative Curvatures, and Black Holes},
  author = {John R. Klauder},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.07771},
  year   = {2020}
}

Comments

9 pages: affine quantization; quantum gravity; constant fixed curvatures; black holes; acknowledgement added; minor correction

R2 v1 2026-06-23T14:54:04.435Z