Quadrant marked mesh patterns in 123-avoiding permutations
Abstract
Given a permutation in the symmetric group , we say that matches the quadrant marked mesh pattern in if there are at least points to the right of in which are greater than , at least points to the left of in which are greater than , at least points to the left of in which are smaller than , and at least points to the right of in which are smaller than . Kitaev, Remmel, and Tiefenbruck systematically studied the distribution of the number of matches of in 132-avoiding permutations. The operation of reverse and complement on permutations allow one to translate their results to find the distribution of the number of matches in 231-avoiding, 213-avoiding, and 312-avoiding permutations. In this paper, we study the distribution of the number of matches of in 123-avoiding permutations. We provide explicit recurrence relations to enumerate our objects which can be used to give closed forms for the generating functions associated with such distributions. In many cases, we provide combinatorial explanations of the coefficients that appear in our generating functions.
Cite
@article{arxiv.1705.00164,
title = {Quadrant marked mesh patterns in 123-avoiding permutations},
author = {Dun Qiu and Jeffrey B. Remmel},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1705.00164},
year = {2023}
}