English

Post's correspondence problem for hyperbolic and virtually nilpotent groups

Group Theory 2023-10-03 v2 Computational Complexity Logic in Computer Science

Abstract

Post's Correspondence Problem (the PCP) is a classical decision problem in theoretical computer science that asks whether for pairs of free monoid morphisms g,h ⁣:ΣΔg, h\colon\Sigma^*\to\Delta^* there exists any non-trivial xΣx\in\Sigma^* such that g(x)=h(x)g(x)=h(x). Post's Correspondence Problem for a group Γ\Gamma takes pairs of group homomorphisms g,h ⁣:F(Σ)Γg, h\colon F(\Sigma)\to \Gamma instead, and similarly asks whether there exists an xx such that g(x)=h(x)g(x)=h(x) holds for non-elementary reasons. The restrictions imposed on xx in order to get non-elementary solutions lead to several interpretations of the problem; we consider the natural restriction asking that xker(g)ker(h)x \notin \ker(g) \cap \ker(h) and prove that the resulting interpretation of the PCP is undecidable for arbitrary hyperbolic Γ\Gamma, but decidable when Γ\Gamma is virtually nilpotent. We also study this problem for group constructions such as subgroups, direct products and finite extensions. This problem is equivalent to an interpretation due to Myasnikov, Nikolev and Ushakov when one map is injective.

Cite

@article{arxiv.2211.12158,
  title  = {Post's correspondence problem for hyperbolic and virtually nilpotent groups},
  author = {Laura Ciobanu and Alex Levine and Alan D. Logan},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.12158},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

20 pages, v2. Final version

R2 v1 2026-06-28T06:34:35.073Z