English

Polynomial values with integer coefficients of the generating functions for Fibonacci polynomials

Number Theory 2023-07-18 v5

Abstract

Fibonacci polynomials are generalizations of Fibonacci numbers, so it is natural to consider polynomial versions of the various results for Fibonacci numbers. According to Hong, Pongsriiam, Bulawa, and Lee, the generating function of the Fibonacci sequence in the domain of rational numbers, f(t)=t/(1tt2)f(t)=t/(1-t-t^2), takes an integer value if and only if t=Fk/Fk+1t=F_{k}/F_{k+1} for some kNk \in \N or t=Fk+1/Fkt=-F_{k+1}/F_{k} for some kN+k \in \N^{+}, where FkF_{k} is the kkth Fibonacci number. This study is built upon their work by considering polynomial sequences that satisfy the recurrence relation Fi+2(x)=axFi+1(x)+bFi(x)F_{i+2}(x)=axF_{i+1}(x)+bF_{i}(x) with initial values (F0(x),F1(x))=(0,1)(F_{0}(x), F_{1}(x))=(0, 1), where aa and bb are positive integers such that bab|a. As an application, for a square-free natural number dNd \in \N, we verify the results are of the same form as the above for the generating function of the sequence satisfying the recurrence relation Fi+2(d)=adFi+1(d)+bFi(d)F_{i+2}(\sqrt{d})=a\sqrt{d} F_{i+1}(\sqrt{d})+bF_{i}(\sqrt{d}) with initial values (F0(d),F1(d))=(0,1)(F_{0}(\sqrt{d}), F_{1}(\sqrt{d}))=(0, 1).

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2112.14863,
  title  = {Polynomial values with integer coefficients of the generating functions for Fibonacci polynomials},
  author = {Yuji Tsuno},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2112.14863},
  year   = {2023}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-24T08:35:24.555Z