Planck 2013 results. XII. Component separation
Abstract
Planck has produced detailed all-sky observations over nine frequency bands between 30 and 857 GHz. These observations allow robust reconstruction of the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature fluctuations over nearly the full sky, as well as new constraints on Galactic foregrounds. This paper describes the component separation framework adopted by Planck. We test four foreground-cleaned CMB maps derived using qualitatively different component separation algorithms. The quality of our reconstructions is evaluated through detailed simulations and internal comparisons, and shown through various tests to be internally consistent and robust for CMB power spectrum and cosmological parameter estimation up to l = 2000. The parameter constraints on LambdaCDM cosmologies derived from these maps are consistent with those presented in the cross-spectrum based Planck likelihood analysis. We choose two of the CMB maps for specific scientific goals. We also present maps and frequency spectra of the Galactic low-frequency, CO, and thermal dust emission. The component maps are found to provide a faithful representation of the sky, as evaluated by simulations. For the low-frequency component, the spectral index varies widely over the sky, ranging from about beta = -4 to -2. Considering both morphology and prior knowledge of the low frequency components, the index map allows us to associate a steep spectral index (beta < -3.2) with strong anomalous microwave emission, corresponding to a spinning dust spectrum peaking below 20 GHz, a flat index of beta > -2.3 with strong free-free emission, and intermediate values with synchrotron emission.
Keywords
Cite
@article{arxiv.1303.5072,
title = {Planck 2013 results. XII. Component separation},
author = {Planck Collaboration and P. A. R. Ade and N. Aghanim and C. Armitage-Caplan and M. Arnaud and M. Ashdown and F. Atrio-Barandela and J. Aumont and C. Baccigalupi and A. J. Banday and R. B. Barreiro and J. G. Bartlett and E. Battaner and K. Benabed and A. Benoît and A. Benoit-Lévy and J. -P. Bernard and M. Bersanelli and P. Bielewicz and J. Bobin and J. J. Bock and A. Bonaldi and L. Bonavera and J. R. Bond and J. Borrill and F. R. Bouchet and F. Boulanger and M. Bridges and M. Bucher and C. Burigana and R. C. Butler and J. -F. Cardoso and A. Catalano and A. Challinor and A. Chamballu and R. -R. Chary and X. Chen and L. -Y Chiang and H. C. Chiang and P. R. Christensen and S. Church and D. L. Clements and S. Colombi and L. P. L. Colombo and F. Couchot and A. Coulais and B. P. Crill and M. Cruz and A. Curto and F. Cuttaia and L. Danese and R. D. Davies and R. J. Davis and P. de Bernardis and A. de Rosa and G. de Zotti and J. Delabrouille and J. -M. Delouis and F. -X. Désert and C. Dickinson and J. M. Diego and H. Dole and S. Donzelli and O. Doré and M. Douspis and J. Dunkley and X. Dupac and G. Efstathiou and T. A. Enßlin and H. K. Eriksen and E. Falgarone and F. Finelli and O. Forni and M. Frailis and A. A. Fraisse and E. Franceschi and S. Galeotta and K. Ganga and M. Giard and G. Giardino and Y. Giraud-Héraud and J. González-Nuevo and K. M. Górski and S. Gratton and A. Gregorio and A. Gruppuso and F. K. Hansen and D. Hanson and D. Harrison and G. Helou and S. Henrot-Versillé and C. Hernández-Monteagudo and D. Herranz and S. R. Hildebrandt and E. Hivon and M. Hobson and W. A. Holmes and A. Hornstrup and W. Hovest and G. Huey and K. M. Huffenberger and T. R. Jaffe and A. H. Jaffe and J. Jewell and W. C. Jones and M. Juvela and E. Keihänen and R. Keskitalo and T. S. Kisner and R. Kneissl and J. Knoche and L. Knox and M. Kunz and H. Kurki-Suonio and G. Lagache and A. Lähteenmäki and J. -M. Lamarre and A. Lasenby and R. J. Laureijs and C. R. Lawrence and M. Le Jeune and S. Leach and J. P. Leahy and R. Leonardi and J. Lesgourgues and M. Liguori and P. B. Lilje and M. Linden-Vørnle and M. López-Caniego and P. M. Lubin and J. F. Macías-Pérez and B. Maffei and D. Maino and N. Mandolesi and A. Marcos-Caballero and M. Maris and D. J. Marshall and P. G. Martin and E. Martínez-González and S. Masi and S. Matarrese and F. Matthai and P. Mazzotta and P. R. Meinhold and A. Melchiorri and L. Mendes and A. Mennella and M. Migliaccio and K. Mikkelsen and S. Mitra and M. -A. Miville-Deschênes and A. Moneti and L. Montier and G. Morgante and D. Mortlock and A. Moss and D. Munshi and P. Naselsky and F. Nati and P. Natoli and C. B. Netterfield and H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen and F. Noviello and D. Novikov and I. Novikov and I. J. O'Dwyer and S. Osborne and C. A. Oxborrow and F. Paci and L. Pagano and F. Pajot and R. Paladini and D. Paoletti and B. Partridge and F. Pasian and G. Patanchon and T. J. Pearson and O. Perdereau and L. Perotto and F. Perrotta and V. Pettorino and F. Piacentini and M. Piat and E. Pierpaoli and D. Pietrobon and S. Plaszczynski and P. Platania and E. Pointecouteau and G. Polenta and N. Ponthieu and L. Popa and T. Poutanen and G. W. Pratt and G. Prézeau and S. Prunet and J. -L. Puget and J. P. Rachen and W. T. Reach and R. Rebolo and M. Reinecke and M. Remazeilles and C. Renault and A. Renzi and S. Ricciardi and T. Riller and I. Ristorcelli and G. Rocha and C. Rosset and G. Roudier and M. Rowan-Robinson and J. A. Rubiño-Martín and B. Rusholme and E. Salerno and M. Sandri and D. Santos and G. Savini and F. Schiavon and D. Scott and M. D. Seiffert and E. P. S. Shellard and L. D. Spencer and J. -L. Starck and R. Stompor and R. Sudiwala and R. Sunyaev and F. Sureau and D. Sutton and A. -S. Suur-Uski and J. -F. Sygnet and J. A. Tauber and D. Tavagnacco and L. Terenzi and L. Toffolatti and M. Tomasi and M. Tristram and M. Tucci and J. Tuovinen and M. Türler and G. Umana and L. Valenziano and J. Valiviita and B. Van Tent and J. Varis and M. Viel and P. Vielva and F. Villa and N. Vittorio and L. A. Wade and B. D. Wandelt and I. K. Wehus and A. Wilkinson and J. -Q. Xia and D. Yvon and A. Zacchei and A. Zonca},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1303.5072},
year = {2014}
}
Comments
31 pages, 32 figures, submitted to A&A