Photonic Quantum-Accelerated Machine Learning
Abstract
Machine learning is widely applied in modern society, but has yet to capitalise on the unique benefits offered by quantum resources. Boson sampling -- a quantum-interference based sampling protocol -- is a resource that is classically hard to simulate and can be implemented on current quantum hardware. Here, we present a quantum accelerator for classical machine learning, using boson sampling to provide a high-dimensional quantum fingerprint for reservoir computing. We show robust performance improvements under various conditions: imperfect photon sources down to complete distinguishability; scenarios with severe class imbalances, classifying both handwritten digits and biomedical images; and sparse data, maintaining model accuracy with twenty times less training data. Crucially, we demonstrate the acceleration and scalability of our scheme on a photonic quantum processing unit, providing the first experimental validation that boson-sampling-enhanced learning delivers real performance gains on actual quantum hardware.
Cite
@article{arxiv.2512.08318,
title = {Photonic Quantum-Accelerated Machine Learning},
author = {Markus Rambach and Abhishek Roy and Alexei Gilchrist and Akitada Sakurai and William J. Munro and Kae Nemoto and Andrew G. White},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.08318},
year = {2025}
}
Comments
9 pages, 7 figures; Supplemental Material: 6 pages, 3 figures