English

Peaks are preserved under run-sorting

Combinatorics 2021-06-29 v2

Abstract

We study a sorting procedure (run-sorting) on permutations, where runs are rearranged in lexicographic order. We describe a rather surprising bijection on permutations on length nn, with the property that it sends the set of peak-values to the set of peak-values after run-sorting. We also prove that the expected number of descents in a permutation σSn\sigma \in S_{n} after run-sorting is equal to (n2)/3(n-2)/3. Moreover, we provide a closed form of the exponential generating function introduced by Nabawanda, Rakotondrajao and Bamunoba in 2020, for the number of run-sorted permutations of [n][n], (RSP(n)RSP(n)) having kk runs, which gives a new interpretation to the sequence A124324 in the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. We show that the descent generating polynomials, An(t)A_{n}(t) for RSP(n)RSP(n) are real rooted, and satisfy an interlacing property similar to that satisfied by the Eulerian polynomials. Finally, we study run-sorted binary words and compute the expected number of descents after run-sorting a binary word of length nn.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2104.04220,
  title  = {Peaks are preserved under run-sorting},
  author = {Per Alexandersson and Olivia Nabawanda},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.04220},
  year   = {2021}
}

Comments

37 pages

R2 v1 2026-06-24T00:59:34.549Z